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- # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
- """
- per-test stdout/stderr capturing mechanism.
- """
- from __future__ import absolute_import
- from __future__ import division
- from __future__ import print_function
- import collections
- import contextlib
- import io
- import os
- import sys
- from io import UnsupportedOperation
- from tempfile import TemporaryFile
- import six
- import pytest
- from _pytest.compat import _PY3
- from _pytest.compat import CaptureIO
- patchsysdict = {0: "stdin", 1: "stdout", 2: "stderr"}
- def pytest_addoption(parser):
- group = parser.getgroup("general")
- group._addoption(
- "--capture",
- action="store",
- default="fd" if hasattr(os, "dup") else "sys",
- metavar="method",
- choices=["fd", "sys", "no"],
- help="per-test capturing method: one of fd|sys|no.",
- )
- group._addoption(
- "-s",
- action="store_const",
- const="no",
- dest="capture",
- help="shortcut for --capture=no.",
- )
- @pytest.hookimpl(hookwrapper=True)
- def pytest_load_initial_conftests(early_config, parser, args):
- ns = early_config.known_args_namespace
- if ns.capture == "fd":
- _py36_windowsconsoleio_workaround(sys.stdout)
- _colorama_workaround()
- _readline_workaround()
- pluginmanager = early_config.pluginmanager
- capman = CaptureManager(ns.capture)
- pluginmanager.register(capman, "capturemanager")
- # make sure that capturemanager is properly reset at final shutdown
- early_config.add_cleanup(capman.stop_global_capturing)
- # finally trigger conftest loading but while capturing (issue93)
- capman.start_global_capturing()
- outcome = yield
- capman.suspend_global_capture()
- if outcome.excinfo is not None:
- out, err = capman.read_global_capture()
- sys.stdout.write(out)
- sys.stderr.write(err)
- class CaptureManager(object):
- """
- Capture plugin, manages that the appropriate capture method is enabled/disabled during collection and each
- test phase (setup, call, teardown). After each of those points, the captured output is obtained and
- attached to the collection/runtest report.
- There are two levels of capture:
- * global: which is enabled by default and can be suppressed by the ``-s`` option. This is always enabled/disabled
- during collection and each test phase.
- * fixture: when a test function or one of its fixture depend on the ``capsys`` or ``capfd`` fixtures. In this
- case special handling is needed to ensure the fixtures take precedence over the global capture.
- """
- def __init__(self, method):
- self._method = method
- self._global_capturing = None
- self._current_item = None
- def __repr__(self):
- return "<CaptureManager _method=%r _global_capturing=%r _current_item=%r>" % (
- self._method,
- self._global_capturing,
- self._current_item,
- )
- def _getcapture(self, method):
- if method == "fd":
- return MultiCapture(out=True, err=True, Capture=FDCapture)
- elif method == "sys":
- return MultiCapture(out=True, err=True, Capture=SysCapture)
- elif method == "no":
- return MultiCapture(out=False, err=False, in_=False)
- raise ValueError("unknown capturing method: %r" % method) # pragma: no cover
- def is_capturing(self):
- if self.is_globally_capturing():
- return "global"
- capture_fixture = getattr(self._current_item, "_capture_fixture", None)
- if capture_fixture is not None:
- return (
- "fixture %s" % self._current_item._capture_fixture.request.fixturename
- )
- return False
- # Global capturing control
- def is_globally_capturing(self):
- return self._method != "no"
- def start_global_capturing(self):
- assert self._global_capturing is None
- self._global_capturing = self._getcapture(self._method)
- self._global_capturing.start_capturing()
- def stop_global_capturing(self):
- if self._global_capturing is not None:
- self._global_capturing.pop_outerr_to_orig()
- self._global_capturing.stop_capturing()
- self._global_capturing = None
- def resume_global_capture(self):
- # During teardown of the python process, and on rare occasions, capture
- # attributes can be `None` while trying to resume global capture.
- if self._global_capturing is not None:
- self._global_capturing.resume_capturing()
- def suspend_global_capture(self, in_=False):
- cap = getattr(self, "_global_capturing", None)
- if cap is not None:
- cap.suspend_capturing(in_=in_)
- def suspend(self, in_=False):
- # Need to undo local capsys-et-al if it exists before disabling global capture.
- self.suspend_fixture(self._current_item)
- self.suspend_global_capture(in_)
- def resume(self):
- self.resume_global_capture()
- self.resume_fixture(self._current_item)
- def read_global_capture(self):
- return self._global_capturing.readouterr()
- # Fixture Control (it's just forwarding, think about removing this later)
- def activate_fixture(self, item):
- """If the current item is using ``capsys`` or ``capfd``, activate them so they take precedence over
- the global capture.
- """
- fixture = getattr(item, "_capture_fixture", None)
- if fixture is not None:
- fixture._start()
- def deactivate_fixture(self, item):
- """Deactivates the ``capsys`` or ``capfd`` fixture of this item, if any."""
- fixture = getattr(item, "_capture_fixture", None)
- if fixture is not None:
- fixture.close()
- def suspend_fixture(self, item):
- fixture = getattr(item, "_capture_fixture", None)
- if fixture is not None:
- fixture._suspend()
- def resume_fixture(self, item):
- fixture = getattr(item, "_capture_fixture", None)
- if fixture is not None:
- fixture._resume()
- # Helper context managers
- @contextlib.contextmanager
- def global_and_fixture_disabled(self):
- """Context manager to temporarily disable global and current fixture capturing."""
- self.suspend()
- try:
- yield
- finally:
- self.resume()
- @contextlib.contextmanager
- def item_capture(self, when, item):
- self.resume_global_capture()
- self.activate_fixture(item)
- try:
- yield
- finally:
- self.deactivate_fixture(item)
- self.suspend_global_capture(in_=False)
- out, err = self.read_global_capture()
- item.add_report_section(when, "stdout", out)
- item.add_report_section(when, "stderr", err)
- # Hooks
- @pytest.hookimpl(hookwrapper=True)
- def pytest_make_collect_report(self, collector):
- if isinstance(collector, pytest.File):
- self.resume_global_capture()
- outcome = yield
- self.suspend_global_capture()
- out, err = self.read_global_capture()
- rep = outcome.get_result()
- if out:
- rep.sections.append(("Captured stdout", out))
- if err:
- rep.sections.append(("Captured stderr", err))
- else:
- yield
- @pytest.hookimpl(hookwrapper=True)
- def pytest_runtest_protocol(self, item):
- self._current_item = item
- yield
- self._current_item = None
- @pytest.hookimpl(hookwrapper=True)
- def pytest_runtest_setup(self, item):
- with self.item_capture("setup", item):
- yield
- @pytest.hookimpl(hookwrapper=True)
- def pytest_runtest_call(self, item):
- with self.item_capture("call", item):
- yield
- @pytest.hookimpl(hookwrapper=True)
- def pytest_runtest_teardown(self, item):
- with self.item_capture("teardown", item):
- yield
- @pytest.hookimpl(tryfirst=True)
- def pytest_keyboard_interrupt(self, excinfo):
- self.stop_global_capturing()
- @pytest.hookimpl(tryfirst=True)
- def pytest_internalerror(self, excinfo):
- self.stop_global_capturing()
- capture_fixtures = {"capfd", "capfdbinary", "capsys", "capsysbinary"}
- def _ensure_only_one_capture_fixture(request, name):
- fixtures = set(request.fixturenames) & capture_fixtures - {name}
- if fixtures:
- fixtures = sorted(fixtures)
- fixtures = fixtures[0] if len(fixtures) == 1 else fixtures
- raise request.raiseerror(
- "cannot use {} and {} at the same time".format(fixtures, name)
- )
- @pytest.fixture
- def capsys(request):
- """Enable text capturing of writes to ``sys.stdout`` and ``sys.stderr``.
- The captured output is made available via ``capsys.readouterr()`` method
- calls, which return a ``(out, err)`` namedtuple.
- ``out`` and ``err`` will be ``text`` objects.
- """
- _ensure_only_one_capture_fixture(request, "capsys")
- with _install_capture_fixture_on_item(request, SysCapture) as fixture:
- yield fixture
- @pytest.fixture
- def capsysbinary(request):
- """Enable bytes capturing of writes to ``sys.stdout`` and ``sys.stderr``.
- The captured output is made available via ``capsysbinary.readouterr()``
- method calls, which return a ``(out, err)`` namedtuple.
- ``out`` and ``err`` will be ``bytes`` objects.
- """
- _ensure_only_one_capture_fixture(request, "capsysbinary")
- # Currently, the implementation uses the python3 specific `.buffer`
- # property of CaptureIO.
- if sys.version_info < (3,):
- raise request.raiseerror("capsysbinary is only supported on Python 3")
- with _install_capture_fixture_on_item(request, SysCaptureBinary) as fixture:
- yield fixture
- @pytest.fixture
- def capfd(request):
- """Enable text capturing of writes to file descriptors ``1`` and ``2``.
- The captured output is made available via ``capfd.readouterr()`` method
- calls, which return a ``(out, err)`` namedtuple.
- ``out`` and ``err`` will be ``text`` objects.
- """
- _ensure_only_one_capture_fixture(request, "capfd")
- if not hasattr(os, "dup"):
- pytest.skip(
- "capfd fixture needs os.dup function which is not available in this system"
- )
- with _install_capture_fixture_on_item(request, FDCapture) as fixture:
- yield fixture
- @pytest.fixture
- def capfdbinary(request):
- """Enable bytes capturing of writes to file descriptors ``1`` and ``2``.
- The captured output is made available via ``capfd.readouterr()`` method
- calls, which return a ``(out, err)`` namedtuple.
- ``out`` and ``err`` will be ``byte`` objects.
- """
- _ensure_only_one_capture_fixture(request, "capfdbinary")
- if not hasattr(os, "dup"):
- pytest.skip(
- "capfdbinary fixture needs os.dup function which is not available in this system"
- )
- with _install_capture_fixture_on_item(request, FDCaptureBinary) as fixture:
- yield fixture
- @contextlib.contextmanager
- def _install_capture_fixture_on_item(request, capture_class):
- """
- Context manager which creates a ``CaptureFixture`` instance and "installs" it on
- the item/node of the given request. Used by ``capsys`` and ``capfd``.
- The CaptureFixture is added as attribute of the item because it needs to accessed
- by ``CaptureManager`` during its ``pytest_runtest_*`` hooks.
- """
- request.node._capture_fixture = fixture = CaptureFixture(capture_class, request)
- capmanager = request.config.pluginmanager.getplugin("capturemanager")
- # Need to active this fixture right away in case it is being used by another fixture (setup phase).
- # If this fixture is being used only by a test function (call phase), then we wouldn't need this
- # activation, but it doesn't hurt.
- capmanager.activate_fixture(request.node)
- yield fixture
- fixture.close()
- del request.node._capture_fixture
- class CaptureFixture(object):
- """
- Object returned by :py:func:`capsys`, :py:func:`capsysbinary`, :py:func:`capfd` and :py:func:`capfdbinary`
- fixtures.
- """
- def __init__(self, captureclass, request):
- self.captureclass = captureclass
- self.request = request
- self._capture = None
- self._captured_out = self.captureclass.EMPTY_BUFFER
- self._captured_err = self.captureclass.EMPTY_BUFFER
- def _start(self):
- if self._capture is None:
- self._capture = MultiCapture(
- out=True, err=True, in_=False, Capture=self.captureclass
- )
- self._capture.start_capturing()
- def close(self):
- if self._capture is not None:
- out, err = self._capture.pop_outerr_to_orig()
- self._captured_out += out
- self._captured_err += err
- self._capture.stop_capturing()
- self._capture = None
- def readouterr(self):
- """Read and return the captured output so far, resetting the internal buffer.
- :return: captured content as a namedtuple with ``out`` and ``err`` string attributes
- """
- captured_out, captured_err = self._captured_out, self._captured_err
- if self._capture is not None:
- out, err = self._capture.readouterr()
- captured_out += out
- captured_err += err
- self._captured_out = self.captureclass.EMPTY_BUFFER
- self._captured_err = self.captureclass.EMPTY_BUFFER
- return CaptureResult(captured_out, captured_err)
- def _suspend(self):
- """Suspends this fixture's own capturing temporarily."""
- if self._capture is not None:
- self._capture.suspend_capturing()
- def _resume(self):
- """Resumes this fixture's own capturing temporarily."""
- if self._capture is not None:
- self._capture.resume_capturing()
- @contextlib.contextmanager
- def disabled(self):
- """Temporarily disables capture while inside the 'with' block."""
- capmanager = self.request.config.pluginmanager.getplugin("capturemanager")
- with capmanager.global_and_fixture_disabled():
- yield
- def safe_text_dupfile(f, mode, default_encoding="UTF8"):
- """ return an open text file object that's a duplicate of f on the
- FD-level if possible.
- """
- encoding = getattr(f, "encoding", None)
- try:
- fd = f.fileno()
- except Exception:
- if "b" not in getattr(f, "mode", "") and hasattr(f, "encoding"):
- # we seem to have a text stream, let's just use it
- return f
- else:
- newfd = os.dup(fd)
- if "b" not in mode:
- mode += "b"
- f = os.fdopen(newfd, mode, 0) # no buffering
- return EncodedFile(f, encoding or default_encoding)
- class EncodedFile(object):
- errors = "strict" # possibly needed by py3 code (issue555)
- def __init__(self, buffer, encoding):
- self.buffer = buffer
- self.encoding = encoding
- def write(self, obj):
- if isinstance(obj, six.text_type):
- obj = obj.encode(self.encoding, "replace")
- elif _PY3:
- raise TypeError(
- "write() argument must be str, not {}".format(type(obj).__name__)
- )
- self.buffer.write(obj)
- def writelines(self, linelist):
- data = "".join(linelist)
- self.write(data)
- @property
- def name(self):
- """Ensure that file.name is a string."""
- return repr(self.buffer)
- @property
- def mode(self):
- return self.buffer.mode.replace("b", "")
- def __getattr__(self, name):
- return getattr(object.__getattribute__(self, "buffer"), name)
- CaptureResult = collections.namedtuple("CaptureResult", ["out", "err"])
- class MultiCapture(object):
- out = err = in_ = None
- _state = None
- def __init__(self, out=True, err=True, in_=True, Capture=None):
- if in_:
- self.in_ = Capture(0)
- if out:
- self.out = Capture(1)
- if err:
- self.err = Capture(2)
- def __repr__(self):
- return "<MultiCapture out=%r err=%r in_=%r _state=%r _in_suspended=%r>" % (
- self.out,
- self.err,
- self.in_,
- self._state,
- getattr(self, "_in_suspended", "<UNSET>"),
- )
- def start_capturing(self):
- self._state = "started"
- if self.in_:
- self.in_.start()
- if self.out:
- self.out.start()
- if self.err:
- self.err.start()
- def pop_outerr_to_orig(self):
- """ pop current snapshot out/err capture and flush to orig streams. """
- out, err = self.readouterr()
- if out:
- self.out.writeorg(out)
- if err:
- self.err.writeorg(err)
- return out, err
- def suspend_capturing(self, in_=False):
- self._state = "suspended"
- if self.out:
- self.out.suspend()
- if self.err:
- self.err.suspend()
- if in_ and self.in_:
- self.in_.suspend()
- self._in_suspended = True
- def resume_capturing(self):
- self._state = "resumed"
- if self.out:
- self.out.resume()
- if self.err:
- self.err.resume()
- if hasattr(self, "_in_suspended"):
- self.in_.resume()
- del self._in_suspended
- def stop_capturing(self):
- """ stop capturing and reset capturing streams """
- if self._state == "stopped":
- raise ValueError("was already stopped")
- self._state = "stopped"
- if self.out:
- self.out.done()
- if self.err:
- self.err.done()
- if self.in_:
- self.in_.done()
- def readouterr(self):
- """ return snapshot unicode value of stdout/stderr capturings. """
- return CaptureResult(
- self.out.snap() if self.out is not None else "",
- self.err.snap() if self.err is not None else "",
- )
- class NoCapture(object):
- EMPTY_BUFFER = None
- __init__ = start = done = suspend = resume = lambda *args: None
- class FDCaptureBinary(object):
- """Capture IO to/from a given os-level filedescriptor.
- snap() produces `bytes`
- """
- EMPTY_BUFFER = b""
- _state = None
- def __init__(self, targetfd, tmpfile=None):
- self.targetfd = targetfd
- try:
- self.targetfd_save = os.dup(self.targetfd)
- except OSError:
- self.start = lambda: None
- self.done = lambda: None
- else:
- if targetfd == 0:
- assert not tmpfile, "cannot set tmpfile with stdin"
- tmpfile = open(os.devnull, "r")
- self.syscapture = SysCapture(targetfd)
- else:
- if tmpfile is None:
- f = TemporaryFile()
- with f:
- tmpfile = safe_text_dupfile(f, mode="wb+")
- if targetfd in patchsysdict:
- self.syscapture = SysCapture(targetfd, tmpfile)
- else:
- self.syscapture = NoCapture()
- self.tmpfile = tmpfile
- self.tmpfile_fd = tmpfile.fileno()
- def __repr__(self):
- return "<FDCapture %s oldfd=%s _state=%r>" % (
- self.targetfd,
- getattr(self, "targetfd_save", None),
- self._state,
- )
- def start(self):
- """ Start capturing on targetfd using memorized tmpfile. """
- try:
- os.fstat(self.targetfd_save)
- except (AttributeError, OSError):
- raise ValueError("saved filedescriptor not valid anymore")
- os.dup2(self.tmpfile_fd, self.targetfd)
- self.syscapture.start()
- self._state = "started"
- def snap(self):
- self.tmpfile.seek(0)
- res = self.tmpfile.read()
- self.tmpfile.seek(0)
- self.tmpfile.truncate()
- return res
- def done(self):
- """ stop capturing, restore streams, return original capture file,
- seeked to position zero. """
- targetfd_save = self.__dict__.pop("targetfd_save")
- os.dup2(targetfd_save, self.targetfd)
- os.close(targetfd_save)
- self.syscapture.done()
- _attempt_to_close_capture_file(self.tmpfile)
- self._state = "done"
- def suspend(self):
- self.syscapture.suspend()
- os.dup2(self.targetfd_save, self.targetfd)
- self._state = "suspended"
- def resume(self):
- self.syscapture.resume()
- os.dup2(self.tmpfile_fd, self.targetfd)
- self._state = "resumed"
- def writeorg(self, data):
- """ write to original file descriptor. """
- if isinstance(data, six.text_type):
- data = data.encode("utf8") # XXX use encoding of original stream
- os.write(self.targetfd_save, data)
- class FDCapture(FDCaptureBinary):
- """Capture IO to/from a given os-level filedescriptor.
- snap() produces text
- """
- EMPTY_BUFFER = str()
- def snap(self):
- res = super(FDCapture, self).snap()
- enc = getattr(self.tmpfile, "encoding", None)
- if enc and isinstance(res, bytes):
- res = six.text_type(res, enc, "replace")
- return res
- class SysCapture(object):
- EMPTY_BUFFER = str()
- _state = None
- def __init__(self, fd, tmpfile=None):
- name = patchsysdict[fd]
- self._old = getattr(sys, name)
- self.name = name
- if tmpfile is None:
- if name == "stdin":
- tmpfile = DontReadFromInput()
- else:
- tmpfile = CaptureIO()
- self.tmpfile = tmpfile
- def __repr__(self):
- return "<SysCapture %s _old=%r, tmpfile=%r _state=%r>" % (
- self.name,
- self._old,
- self.tmpfile,
- self._state,
- )
- def start(self):
- setattr(sys, self.name, self.tmpfile)
- self._state = "started"
- def snap(self):
- res = self.tmpfile.getvalue()
- self.tmpfile.seek(0)
- self.tmpfile.truncate()
- return res
- def done(self):
- setattr(sys, self.name, self._old)
- del self._old
- _attempt_to_close_capture_file(self.tmpfile)
- self._state = "done"
- def suspend(self):
- setattr(sys, self.name, self._old)
- self._state = "suspended"
- def resume(self):
- setattr(sys, self.name, self.tmpfile)
- self._state = "resumed"
- def writeorg(self, data):
- self._old.write(data)
- self._old.flush()
- class SysCaptureBinary(SysCapture):
- EMPTY_BUFFER = b""
- def snap(self):
- res = self.tmpfile.buffer.getvalue()
- self.tmpfile.seek(0)
- self.tmpfile.truncate()
- return res
- class DontReadFromInput(six.Iterator):
- """Temporary stub class. Ideally when stdin is accessed, the
- capturing should be turned off, with possibly all data captured
- so far sent to the screen. This should be configurable, though,
- because in automated test runs it is better to crash than
- hang indefinitely.
- """
- encoding = None
- def read(self, *args):
- raise IOError("reading from stdin while output is captured")
- readline = read
- readlines = read
- __next__ = read
- def __iter__(self):
- return self
- def fileno(self):
- raise UnsupportedOperation("redirected stdin is pseudofile, has no fileno()")
- def isatty(self):
- return False
- def close(self):
- pass
- @property
- def buffer(self):
- if sys.version_info >= (3, 0):
- return self
- else:
- raise AttributeError("redirected stdin has no attribute buffer")
- def _colorama_workaround():
- """
- Ensure colorama is imported so that it attaches to the correct stdio
- handles on Windows.
- colorama uses the terminal on import time. So if something does the
- first import of colorama while I/O capture is active, colorama will
- fail in various ways.
- """
- if sys.platform.startswith("win32"):
- try:
- import colorama # noqa: F401
- except ImportError:
- pass
- def _readline_workaround():
- """
- Ensure readline is imported so that it attaches to the correct stdio
- handles on Windows.
- Pdb uses readline support where available--when not running from the Python
- prompt, the readline module is not imported until running the pdb REPL. If
- running pytest with the --pdb option this means the readline module is not
- imported until after I/O capture has been started.
- This is a problem for pyreadline, which is often used to implement readline
- support on Windows, as it does not attach to the correct handles for stdout
- and/or stdin if they have been redirected by the FDCapture mechanism. This
- workaround ensures that readline is imported before I/O capture is setup so
- that it can attach to the actual stdin/out for the console.
- See https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/pull/1281
- """
- if sys.platform.startswith("win32"):
- try:
- import readline # noqa: F401
- except ImportError:
- pass
- def _py36_windowsconsoleio_workaround(stream):
- """
- Python 3.6 implemented unicode console handling for Windows. This works
- by reading/writing to the raw console handle using
- ``{Read,Write}ConsoleW``.
- The problem is that we are going to ``dup2`` over the stdio file
- descriptors when doing ``FDCapture`` and this will ``CloseHandle`` the
- handles used by Python to write to the console. Though there is still some
- weirdness and the console handle seems to only be closed randomly and not
- on the first call to ``CloseHandle``, or maybe it gets reopened with the
- same handle value when we suspend capturing.
- The workaround in this case will reopen stdio with a different fd which
- also means a different handle by replicating the logic in
- "Py_lifecycle.c:initstdio/create_stdio".
- :param stream: in practice ``sys.stdout`` or ``sys.stderr``, but given
- here as parameter for unittesting purposes.
- See https://github.com/pytest-dev/py/issues/103
- """
- if not sys.platform.startswith("win32") or sys.version_info[:2] < (3, 6):
- return
- # bail out if ``stream`` doesn't seem like a proper ``io`` stream (#2666)
- if not hasattr(stream, "buffer"):
- return
- buffered = hasattr(stream.buffer, "raw")
- raw_stdout = stream.buffer.raw if buffered else stream.buffer
- if not isinstance(raw_stdout, io._WindowsConsoleIO):
- return
- def _reopen_stdio(f, mode):
- if not buffered and mode[0] == "w":
- buffering = 0
- else:
- buffering = -1
- return io.TextIOWrapper(
- open(os.dup(f.fileno()), mode, buffering),
- f.encoding,
- f.errors,
- f.newlines,
- f.line_buffering,
- )
- sys.stdin = _reopen_stdio(sys.stdin, "rb")
- sys.stdout = _reopen_stdio(sys.stdout, "wb")
- sys.stderr = _reopen_stdio(sys.stderr, "wb")
- def _attempt_to_close_capture_file(f):
- """Suppress IOError when closing the temporary file used for capturing streams in py27 (#2370)"""
- if six.PY2:
- try:
- f.close()
- except IOError:
- pass
- else:
- f.close()
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