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- # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
- """
- werkzeug.local
- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
- This module implements context-local objects.
- :copyright: 2007 Pallets
- :license: BSD-3-Clause
- """
- import copy
- from functools import update_wrapper
- from ._compat import implements_bool
- from ._compat import PY2
- from .wsgi import ClosingIterator
- # since each thread has its own greenlet we can just use those as identifiers
- # for the context. If greenlets are not available we fall back to the
- # current thread ident depending on where it is.
- try:
- from greenlet import getcurrent as get_ident
- except ImportError:
- try:
- from thread import get_ident
- except ImportError:
- from _thread import get_ident
- def release_local(local):
- """Releases the contents of the local for the current context.
- This makes it possible to use locals without a manager.
- Example::
- >>> loc = Local()
- >>> loc.foo = 42
- >>> release_local(loc)
- >>> hasattr(loc, 'foo')
- False
- With this function one can release :class:`Local` objects as well
- as :class:`LocalStack` objects. However it is not possible to
- release data held by proxies that way, one always has to retain
- a reference to the underlying local object in order to be able
- to release it.
- .. versionadded:: 0.6.1
- """
- local.__release_local__()
- class Local(object):
- __slots__ = ("__storage__", "__ident_func__")
- def __init__(self):
- object.__setattr__(self, "__storage__", {})
- object.__setattr__(self, "__ident_func__", get_ident)
- def __iter__(self):
- return iter(self.__storage__.items())
- def __call__(self, proxy):
- """Create a proxy for a name."""
- return LocalProxy(self, proxy)
- def __release_local__(self):
- self.__storage__.pop(self.__ident_func__(), None)
- def __getattr__(self, name):
- try:
- return self.__storage__[self.__ident_func__()][name]
- except KeyError:
- raise AttributeError(name)
- def __setattr__(self, name, value):
- ident = self.__ident_func__()
- storage = self.__storage__
- try:
- storage[ident][name] = value
- except KeyError:
- storage[ident] = {name: value}
- def __delattr__(self, name):
- try:
- del self.__storage__[self.__ident_func__()][name]
- except KeyError:
- raise AttributeError(name)
- class LocalStack(object):
- """This class works similar to a :class:`Local` but keeps a stack
- of objects instead. This is best explained with an example::
- >>> ls = LocalStack()
- >>> ls.push(42)
- >>> ls.top
- 42
- >>> ls.push(23)
- >>> ls.top
- 23
- >>> ls.pop()
- 23
- >>> ls.top
- 42
- They can be force released by using a :class:`LocalManager` or with
- the :func:`release_local` function but the correct way is to pop the
- item from the stack after using. When the stack is empty it will
- no longer be bound to the current context (and as such released).
- By calling the stack without arguments it returns a proxy that resolves to
- the topmost item on the stack.
- .. versionadded:: 0.6.1
- """
- def __init__(self):
- self._local = Local()
- def __release_local__(self):
- self._local.__release_local__()
- def _get__ident_func__(self):
- return self._local.__ident_func__
- def _set__ident_func__(self, value):
- object.__setattr__(self._local, "__ident_func__", value)
- __ident_func__ = property(_get__ident_func__, _set__ident_func__)
- del _get__ident_func__, _set__ident_func__
- def __call__(self):
- def _lookup():
- rv = self.top
- if rv is None:
- raise RuntimeError("object unbound")
- return rv
- return LocalProxy(_lookup)
- def push(self, obj):
- """Pushes a new item to the stack"""
- rv = getattr(self._local, "stack", None)
- if rv is None:
- self._local.stack = rv = []
- rv.append(obj)
- return rv
- def pop(self):
- """Removes the topmost item from the stack, will return the
- old value or `None` if the stack was already empty.
- """
- stack = getattr(self._local, "stack", None)
- if stack is None:
- return None
- elif len(stack) == 1:
- release_local(self._local)
- return stack[-1]
- else:
- return stack.pop()
- @property
- def top(self):
- """The topmost item on the stack. If the stack is empty,
- `None` is returned.
- """
- try:
- return self._local.stack[-1]
- except (AttributeError, IndexError):
- return None
- class LocalManager(object):
- """Local objects cannot manage themselves. For that you need a local
- manager. You can pass a local manager multiple locals or add them later
- by appending them to `manager.locals`. Every time the manager cleans up,
- it will clean up all the data left in the locals for this context.
- The `ident_func` parameter can be added to override the default ident
- function for the wrapped locals.
- .. versionchanged:: 0.6.1
- Instead of a manager the :func:`release_local` function can be used
- as well.
- .. versionchanged:: 0.7
- `ident_func` was added.
- """
- def __init__(self, locals=None, ident_func=None):
- if locals is None:
- self.locals = []
- elif isinstance(locals, Local):
- self.locals = [locals]
- else:
- self.locals = list(locals)
- if ident_func is not None:
- self.ident_func = ident_func
- for local in self.locals:
- object.__setattr__(local, "__ident_func__", ident_func)
- else:
- self.ident_func = get_ident
- def get_ident(self):
- """Return the context identifier the local objects use internally for
- this context. You cannot override this method to change the behavior
- but use it to link other context local objects (such as SQLAlchemy's
- scoped sessions) to the Werkzeug locals.
- .. versionchanged:: 0.7
- You can pass a different ident function to the local manager that
- will then be propagated to all the locals passed to the
- constructor.
- """
- return self.ident_func()
- def cleanup(self):
- """Manually clean up the data in the locals for this context. Call
- this at the end of the request or use `make_middleware()`.
- """
- for local in self.locals:
- release_local(local)
- def make_middleware(self, app):
- """Wrap a WSGI application so that cleaning up happens after
- request end.
- """
- def application(environ, start_response):
- return ClosingIterator(app(environ, start_response), self.cleanup)
- return application
- def middleware(self, func):
- """Like `make_middleware` but for decorating functions.
- Example usage::
- @manager.middleware
- def application(environ, start_response):
- ...
- The difference to `make_middleware` is that the function passed
- will have all the arguments copied from the inner application
- (name, docstring, module).
- """
- return update_wrapper(self.make_middleware(func), func)
- def __repr__(self):
- return "<%s storages: %d>" % (self.__class__.__name__, len(self.locals))
- @implements_bool
- class LocalProxy(object):
- """Acts as a proxy for a werkzeug local. Forwards all operations to
- a proxied object. The only operations not supported for forwarding
- are right handed operands and any kind of assignment.
- Example usage::
- from werkzeug.local import Local
- l = Local()
- # these are proxies
- request = l('request')
- user = l('user')
- from werkzeug.local import LocalStack
- _response_local = LocalStack()
- # this is a proxy
- response = _response_local()
- Whenever something is bound to l.user / l.request the proxy objects
- will forward all operations. If no object is bound a :exc:`RuntimeError`
- will be raised.
- To create proxies to :class:`Local` or :class:`LocalStack` objects,
- call the object as shown above. If you want to have a proxy to an
- object looked up by a function, you can (as of Werkzeug 0.6.1) pass
- a function to the :class:`LocalProxy` constructor::
- session = LocalProxy(lambda: get_current_request().session)
- .. versionchanged:: 0.6.1
- The class can be instantiated with a callable as well now.
- """
- __slots__ = ("__local", "__dict__", "__name__", "__wrapped__")
- def __init__(self, local, name=None):
- object.__setattr__(self, "_LocalProxy__local", local)
- object.__setattr__(self, "__name__", name)
- if callable(local) and not hasattr(local, "__release_local__"):
- # "local" is a callable that is not an instance of Local or
- # LocalManager: mark it as a wrapped function.
- object.__setattr__(self, "__wrapped__", local)
- def _get_current_object(self):
- """Return the current object. This is useful if you want the real
- object behind the proxy at a time for performance reasons or because
- you want to pass the object into a different context.
- """
- if not hasattr(self.__local, "__release_local__"):
- return self.__local()
- try:
- return getattr(self.__local, self.__name__)
- except AttributeError:
- raise RuntimeError("no object bound to %s" % self.__name__)
- @property
- def __dict__(self):
- try:
- return self._get_current_object().__dict__
- except RuntimeError:
- raise AttributeError("__dict__")
- def __repr__(self):
- try:
- obj = self._get_current_object()
- except RuntimeError:
- return "<%s unbound>" % self.__class__.__name__
- return repr(obj)
- def __bool__(self):
- try:
- return bool(self._get_current_object())
- except RuntimeError:
- return False
- def __unicode__(self):
- try:
- return unicode(self._get_current_object()) # noqa
- except RuntimeError:
- return repr(self)
- def __dir__(self):
- try:
- return dir(self._get_current_object())
- except RuntimeError:
- return []
- def __getattr__(self, name):
- if name == "__members__":
- return dir(self._get_current_object())
- return getattr(self._get_current_object(), name)
- def __setitem__(self, key, value):
- self._get_current_object()[key] = value
- def __delitem__(self, key):
- del self._get_current_object()[key]
- if PY2:
- __getslice__ = lambda x, i, j: x._get_current_object()[i:j]
- def __setslice__(self, i, j, seq):
- self._get_current_object()[i:j] = seq
- def __delslice__(self, i, j):
- del self._get_current_object()[i:j]
- __setattr__ = lambda x, n, v: setattr(x._get_current_object(), n, v)
- __delattr__ = lambda x, n: delattr(x._get_current_object(), n)
- __str__ = lambda x: str(x._get_current_object())
- __lt__ = lambda x, o: x._get_current_object() < o
- __le__ = lambda x, o: x._get_current_object() <= o
- __eq__ = lambda x, o: x._get_current_object() == o
- __ne__ = lambda x, o: x._get_current_object() != o
- __gt__ = lambda x, o: x._get_current_object() > o
- __ge__ = lambda x, o: x._get_current_object() >= o
- __cmp__ = lambda x, o: cmp(x._get_current_object(), o) # noqa
- __hash__ = lambda x: hash(x._get_current_object())
- __call__ = lambda x, *a, **kw: x._get_current_object()(*a, **kw)
- __len__ = lambda x: len(x._get_current_object())
- __getitem__ = lambda x, i: x._get_current_object()[i]
- __iter__ = lambda x: iter(x._get_current_object())
- __contains__ = lambda x, i: i in x._get_current_object()
- __add__ = lambda x, o: x._get_current_object() + o
- __sub__ = lambda x, o: x._get_current_object() - o
- __mul__ = lambda x, o: x._get_current_object() * o
- __floordiv__ = lambda x, o: x._get_current_object() // o
- __mod__ = lambda x, o: x._get_current_object() % o
- __divmod__ = lambda x, o: x._get_current_object().__divmod__(o)
- __pow__ = lambda x, o: x._get_current_object() ** o
- __lshift__ = lambda x, o: x._get_current_object() << o
- __rshift__ = lambda x, o: x._get_current_object() >> o
- __and__ = lambda x, o: x._get_current_object() & o
- __xor__ = lambda x, o: x._get_current_object() ^ o
- __or__ = lambda x, o: x._get_current_object() | o
- __div__ = lambda x, o: x._get_current_object().__div__(o)
- __truediv__ = lambda x, o: x._get_current_object().__truediv__(o)
- __neg__ = lambda x: -(x._get_current_object())
- __pos__ = lambda x: +(x._get_current_object())
- __abs__ = lambda x: abs(x._get_current_object())
- __invert__ = lambda x: ~(x._get_current_object())
- __complex__ = lambda x: complex(x._get_current_object())
- __int__ = lambda x: int(x._get_current_object())
- __long__ = lambda x: long(x._get_current_object()) # noqa
- __float__ = lambda x: float(x._get_current_object())
- __oct__ = lambda x: oct(x._get_current_object())
- __hex__ = lambda x: hex(x._get_current_object())
- __index__ = lambda x: x._get_current_object().__index__()
- __coerce__ = lambda x, o: x._get_current_object().__coerce__(x, o)
- __enter__ = lambda x: x._get_current_object().__enter__()
- __exit__ = lambda x, *a, **kw: x._get_current_object().__exit__(*a, **kw)
- __radd__ = lambda x, o: o + x._get_current_object()
- __rsub__ = lambda x, o: o - x._get_current_object()
- __rmul__ = lambda x, o: o * x._get_current_object()
- __rdiv__ = lambda x, o: o / x._get_current_object()
- if PY2:
- __rtruediv__ = lambda x, o: x._get_current_object().__rtruediv__(o)
- else:
- __rtruediv__ = __rdiv__
- __rfloordiv__ = lambda x, o: o // x._get_current_object()
- __rmod__ = lambda x, o: o % x._get_current_object()
- __rdivmod__ = lambda x, o: x._get_current_object().__rdivmod__(o)
- __copy__ = lambda x: copy.copy(x._get_current_object())
- __deepcopy__ = lambda x, memo: copy.deepcopy(x._get_current_object(), memo)
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