//===----- CGCXXABI.h - Interface to C++ ABIs -------------------*- C++ -*-===// // // Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions. // See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information. // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception // //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===// // // This provides an abstract class for C++ code generation. Concrete subclasses // of this implement code generation for specific C++ ABIs. // //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===// #ifndef LLVM_CLANG_LIB_CODEGEN_CGCXXABI_H #define LLVM_CLANG_LIB_CODEGEN_CGCXXABI_H #include "CodeGenFunction.h" #include "clang/Basic/LLVM.h" #include "clang/CodeGen/CodeGenABITypes.h" namespace llvm { class Constant; class Type; class Value; class CallInst; } namespace clang { class CastExpr; class CXXConstructorDecl; class CXXDestructorDecl; class CXXMethodDecl; class CXXRecordDecl; class MangleContext; namespace CodeGen { class CGCallee; class CodeGenFunction; class CodeGenModule; struct CatchTypeInfo; /// Implements C++ ABI-specific code generation functions. class CGCXXABI { protected: CodeGenModule &CGM; std::unique_ptr MangleCtx; CGCXXABI(CodeGenModule &CGM) : CGM(CGM), MangleCtx(CGM.getContext().createMangleContext()) {} protected: ImplicitParamDecl *getThisDecl(CodeGenFunction &CGF) { return CGF.CXXABIThisDecl; } llvm::Value *getThisValue(CodeGenFunction &CGF) { return CGF.CXXABIThisValue; } Address getThisAddress(CodeGenFunction &CGF) { return Address(CGF.CXXABIThisValue, CGF.CXXABIThisAlignment); } /// Issue a diagnostic about unsupported features in the ABI. void ErrorUnsupportedABI(CodeGenFunction &CGF, StringRef S); /// Get a null value for unsupported member pointers. llvm::Constant *GetBogusMemberPointer(QualType T); ImplicitParamDecl *&getStructorImplicitParamDecl(CodeGenFunction &CGF) { return CGF.CXXStructorImplicitParamDecl; } llvm::Value *&getStructorImplicitParamValue(CodeGenFunction &CGF) { return CGF.CXXStructorImplicitParamValue; } /// Loads the incoming C++ this pointer as it was passed by the caller. llvm::Value *loadIncomingCXXThis(CodeGenFunction &CGF); void setCXXABIThisValue(CodeGenFunction &CGF, llvm::Value *ThisPtr); ASTContext &getContext() const { return CGM.getContext(); } bool mayNeedDestruction(const VarDecl *VD) const; /// Determine whether we will definitely emit this variable with a constant /// initializer, either because the language semantics demand it or because /// we know that the initializer is a constant. // For weak definitions, any initializer available in the current translation // is not necessarily reflective of the initializer used; such initializers // are ignored unless if InspectInitForWeakDef is true. bool isEmittedWithConstantInitializer(const VarDecl *VD, bool InspectInitForWeakDef = false) const; virtual bool requiresArrayCookie(const CXXDeleteExpr *E, QualType eltType); virtual bool requiresArrayCookie(const CXXNewExpr *E); /// Determine whether there's something special about the rules of /// the ABI tell us that 'this' is a complete object within the /// given function. Obvious common logic like being defined on a /// final class will have been taken care of by the caller. virtual bool isThisCompleteObject(GlobalDecl GD) const = 0; public: virtual ~CGCXXABI(); /// Gets the mangle context. MangleContext &getMangleContext() { return *MangleCtx; } /// Returns true if the given constructor or destructor is one of the /// kinds that the ABI says returns 'this' (only applies when called /// non-virtually for destructors). /// /// There currently is no way to indicate if a destructor returns 'this' /// when called virtually, and code generation does not support the case. virtual bool HasThisReturn(GlobalDecl GD) const { return false; } virtual bool hasMostDerivedReturn(GlobalDecl GD) const { return false; } virtual bool useSinitAndSterm() const { return false; } /// Returns true if the target allows calling a function through a pointer /// with a different signature than the actual function (or equivalently, /// bitcasting a function or function pointer to a different function type). /// In principle in the most general case this could depend on the target, the /// calling convention, and the actual types of the arguments and return /// value. Here it just means whether the signature mismatch could *ever* be /// allowed; in other words, does the target do strict checking of signatures /// for all calls. virtual bool canCallMismatchedFunctionType() const { return true; } /// If the C++ ABI requires the given type be returned in a particular way, /// this method sets RetAI and returns true. virtual bool classifyReturnType(CGFunctionInfo &FI) const = 0; /// Specify how one should pass an argument of a record type. enum RecordArgABI { /// Pass it using the normal C aggregate rules for the ABI, potentially /// introducing extra copies and passing some or all of it in registers. RAA_Default = 0, /// Pass it on the stack using its defined layout. The argument must be /// evaluated directly into the correct stack position in the arguments area, /// and the call machinery must not move it or introduce extra copies. RAA_DirectInMemory, /// Pass it as a pointer to temporary memory. RAA_Indirect }; /// Returns how an argument of the given record type should be passed. virtual RecordArgABI getRecordArgABI(const CXXRecordDecl *RD) const = 0; /// Returns true if the implicit 'sret' parameter comes after the implicit /// 'this' parameter of C++ instance methods. virtual bool isSRetParameterAfterThis() const { return false; } /// Returns true if the ABI permits the argument to be a homogeneous /// aggregate. virtual bool isPermittedToBeHomogeneousAggregate(const CXXRecordDecl *RD) const { return true; }; /// Find the LLVM type used to represent the given member pointer /// type. virtual llvm::Type * ConvertMemberPointerType(const MemberPointerType *MPT); /// Load a member function from an object and a member function /// pointer. Apply the this-adjustment and set 'This' to the /// adjusted value. virtual CGCallee EmitLoadOfMemberFunctionPointer( CodeGenFunction &CGF, const Expr *E, Address This, llvm::Value *&ThisPtrForCall, llvm::Value *MemPtr, const MemberPointerType *MPT); /// Calculate an l-value from an object and a data member pointer. virtual llvm::Value * EmitMemberDataPointerAddress(CodeGenFunction &CGF, const Expr *E, Address Base, llvm::Value *MemPtr, const MemberPointerType *MPT); /// Perform a derived-to-base, base-to-derived, or bitcast member /// pointer conversion. virtual llvm::Value *EmitMemberPointerConversion(CodeGenFunction &CGF, const CastExpr *E, llvm::Value *Src); /// Perform a derived-to-base, base-to-derived, or bitcast member /// pointer conversion on a constant value. virtual llvm::Constant *EmitMemberPointerConversion(const CastExpr *E, llvm::Constant *Src); /// Return true if the given member pointer can be zero-initialized /// (in the C++ sense) with an LLVM zeroinitializer. virtual bool isZeroInitializable(const MemberPointerType *MPT); /// Return whether or not a member pointers type is convertible to an IR type. virtual bool isMemberPointerConvertible(const MemberPointerType *MPT) const { return true; } /// Create a null member pointer of the given type. virtual llvm::Constant *EmitNullMemberPointer(const MemberPointerType *MPT); /// Create a member pointer for the given method. virtual llvm::Constant *EmitMemberFunctionPointer(const CXXMethodDecl *MD); /// Create a member pointer for the given field. virtual llvm::Constant *EmitMemberDataPointer(const MemberPointerType *MPT, CharUnits offset); /// Create a member pointer for the given member pointer constant. virtual llvm::Constant *EmitMemberPointer(const APValue &MP, QualType MPT); /// Emit a comparison between two member pointers. Returns an i1. virtual llvm::Value * EmitMemberPointerComparison(CodeGenFunction &CGF, llvm::Value *L, llvm::Value *R, const MemberPointerType *MPT, bool Inequality); /// Determine if a member pointer is non-null. Returns an i1. virtual llvm::Value * EmitMemberPointerIsNotNull(CodeGenFunction &CGF, llvm::Value *MemPtr, const MemberPointerType *MPT); protected: /// A utility method for computing the offset required for the given /// base-to-derived or derived-to-base member-pointer conversion. /// Does not handle virtual conversions (in case we ever fully /// support an ABI that allows this). Returns null if no adjustment /// is required. llvm::Constant *getMemberPointerAdjustment(const CastExpr *E); public: virtual void emitVirtualObjectDelete(CodeGenFunction &CGF, const CXXDeleteExpr *DE, Address Ptr, QualType ElementType, const CXXDestructorDecl *Dtor) = 0; virtual void emitRethrow(CodeGenFunction &CGF, bool isNoReturn) = 0; virtual void emitThrow(CodeGenFunction &CGF, const CXXThrowExpr *E) = 0; virtual llvm::GlobalVariable *getThrowInfo(QualType T) { return nullptr; } /// Determine whether it's possible to emit a vtable for \p RD, even /// though we do not know that the vtable has been marked as used by semantic /// analysis. virtual bool canSpeculativelyEmitVTable(const CXXRecordDecl *RD) const = 0; virtual void emitBeginCatch(CodeGenFunction &CGF, const CXXCatchStmt *C) = 0; virtual llvm::CallInst * emitTerminateForUnexpectedException(CodeGenFunction &CGF, llvm::Value *Exn); virtual llvm::Constant *getAddrOfRTTIDescriptor(QualType Ty) = 0; virtual CatchTypeInfo getAddrOfCXXCatchHandlerType(QualType Ty, QualType CatchHandlerType) = 0; virtual CatchTypeInfo getCatchAllTypeInfo(); virtual bool shouldTypeidBeNullChecked(bool IsDeref, QualType SrcRecordTy) = 0; virtual void EmitBadTypeidCall(CodeGenFunction &CGF) = 0; virtual llvm::Value *EmitTypeid(CodeGenFunction &CGF, QualType SrcRecordTy, Address ThisPtr, llvm::Type *StdTypeInfoPtrTy) = 0; virtual bool shouldDynamicCastCallBeNullChecked(bool SrcIsPtr, QualType SrcRecordTy) = 0; virtual llvm::Value * EmitDynamicCastCall(CodeGenFunction &CGF, Address Value, QualType SrcRecordTy, QualType DestTy, QualType DestRecordTy, llvm::BasicBlock *CastEnd) = 0; virtual llvm::Value *EmitDynamicCastToVoid(CodeGenFunction &CGF, Address Value, QualType SrcRecordTy, QualType DestTy) = 0; virtual bool EmitBadCastCall(CodeGenFunction &CGF) = 0; virtual llvm::Value *GetVirtualBaseClassOffset(CodeGenFunction &CGF, Address This, const CXXRecordDecl *ClassDecl, const CXXRecordDecl *BaseClassDecl) = 0; virtual llvm::BasicBlock *EmitCtorCompleteObjectHandler(CodeGenFunction &CGF, const CXXRecordDecl *RD); /// Emit the code to initialize hidden members required /// to handle virtual inheritance, if needed by the ABI. virtual void initializeHiddenVirtualInheritanceMembers(CodeGenFunction &CGF, const CXXRecordDecl *RD) {} /// Emit constructor variants required by this ABI. virtual void EmitCXXConstructors(const CXXConstructorDecl *D) = 0; /// Additional implicit arguments to add to the beginning (Prefix) and end /// (Suffix) of a constructor / destructor arg list. /// /// Note that Prefix should actually be inserted *after* the first existing /// arg; `this` arguments always come first. struct AddedStructorArgs { struct Arg { llvm::Value *Value; QualType Type; }; SmallVector Prefix; SmallVector Suffix; AddedStructorArgs() = default; AddedStructorArgs(SmallVector P, SmallVector S) : Prefix(std::move(P)), Suffix(std::move(S)) {} static AddedStructorArgs prefix(SmallVector Args) { return {std::move(Args), {}}; } static AddedStructorArgs suffix(SmallVector Args) { return {{}, std::move(Args)}; } }; /// Similar to AddedStructorArgs, but only notes the number of additional /// arguments. struct AddedStructorArgCounts { unsigned Prefix = 0; unsigned Suffix = 0; AddedStructorArgCounts() = default; AddedStructorArgCounts(unsigned P, unsigned S) : Prefix(P), Suffix(S) {} static AddedStructorArgCounts prefix(unsigned N) { return {N, 0}; } static AddedStructorArgCounts suffix(unsigned N) { return {0, N}; } }; /// Build the signature of the given constructor or destructor variant by /// adding any required parameters. For convenience, ArgTys has been /// initialized with the type of 'this'. virtual AddedStructorArgCounts buildStructorSignature(GlobalDecl GD, SmallVectorImpl &ArgTys) = 0; /// Returns true if the given destructor type should be emitted as a linkonce /// delegating thunk, regardless of whether the dtor is defined in this TU or /// not. virtual bool useThunkForDtorVariant(const CXXDestructorDecl *Dtor, CXXDtorType DT) const = 0; virtual void setCXXDestructorDLLStorage(llvm::GlobalValue *GV, const CXXDestructorDecl *Dtor, CXXDtorType DT) const; virtual llvm::GlobalValue::LinkageTypes getCXXDestructorLinkage(GVALinkage Linkage, const CXXDestructorDecl *Dtor, CXXDtorType DT) const; /// Emit destructor variants required by this ABI. virtual void EmitCXXDestructors(const CXXDestructorDecl *D) = 0; /// Get the type of the implicit "this" parameter used by a method. May return /// zero if no specific type is applicable, e.g. if the ABI expects the "this" /// parameter to point to some artificial offset in a complete object due to /// vbases being reordered. virtual const CXXRecordDecl * getThisArgumentTypeForMethod(const CXXMethodDecl *MD) { return MD->getParent(); } /// Perform ABI-specific "this" argument adjustment required prior to /// a call of a virtual function. /// The "VirtualCall" argument is true iff the call itself is virtual. virtual Address adjustThisArgumentForVirtualFunctionCall(CodeGenFunction &CGF, GlobalDecl GD, Address This, bool VirtualCall) { return This; } /// Build a parameter variable suitable for 'this'. void buildThisParam(CodeGenFunction &CGF, FunctionArgList &Params); /// Insert any ABI-specific implicit parameters into the parameter list for a /// function. This generally involves extra data for constructors and /// destructors. /// /// ABIs may also choose to override the return type, which has been /// initialized with the type of 'this' if HasThisReturn(CGF.CurGD) is true or /// the formal return type of the function otherwise. virtual void addImplicitStructorParams(CodeGenFunction &CGF, QualType &ResTy, FunctionArgList &Params) = 0; /// Get the ABI-specific "this" parameter adjustment to apply in the prologue /// of a virtual function. virtual CharUnits getVirtualFunctionPrologueThisAdjustment(GlobalDecl GD) { return CharUnits::Zero(); } /// Emit the ABI-specific prolog for the function. virtual void EmitInstanceFunctionProlog(CodeGenFunction &CGF) = 0; virtual AddedStructorArgs getImplicitConstructorArgs(CodeGenFunction &CGF, const CXXConstructorDecl *D, CXXCtorType Type, bool ForVirtualBase, bool Delegating) = 0; /// Add any ABI-specific implicit arguments needed to call a constructor. /// /// \return The number of arguments added at the beginning and end of the /// call, which is typically zero or one. AddedStructorArgCounts addImplicitConstructorArgs(CodeGenFunction &CGF, const CXXConstructorDecl *D, CXXCtorType Type, bool ForVirtualBase, bool Delegating, CallArgList &Args); /// Get the implicit (second) parameter that comes after the "this" pointer, /// or nullptr if there is isn't one. virtual llvm::Value * getCXXDestructorImplicitParam(CodeGenFunction &CGF, const CXXDestructorDecl *DD, CXXDtorType Type, bool ForVirtualBase, bool Delegating) = 0; /// Emit the destructor call. virtual void EmitDestructorCall(CodeGenFunction &CGF, const CXXDestructorDecl *DD, CXXDtorType Type, bool ForVirtualBase, bool Delegating, Address This, QualType ThisTy) = 0; /// Emits the VTable definitions required for the given record type. virtual void emitVTableDefinitions(CodeGenVTables &CGVT, const CXXRecordDecl *RD) = 0; /// Checks if ABI requires extra virtual offset for vtable field. virtual bool isVirtualOffsetNeededForVTableField(CodeGenFunction &CGF, CodeGenFunction::VPtr Vptr) = 0; /// Checks if ABI requires to initialize vptrs for given dynamic class. virtual bool doStructorsInitializeVPtrs(const CXXRecordDecl *VTableClass) = 0; /// Get the address point of the vtable for the given base subobject. virtual llvm::Constant * getVTableAddressPoint(BaseSubobject Base, const CXXRecordDecl *VTableClass) = 0; /// Get the address point of the vtable for the given base subobject while /// building a constructor or a destructor. virtual llvm::Value * getVTableAddressPointInStructor(CodeGenFunction &CGF, const CXXRecordDecl *RD, BaseSubobject Base, const CXXRecordDecl *NearestVBase) = 0; /// Get the address point of the vtable for the given base subobject while /// building a constexpr. virtual llvm::Constant * getVTableAddressPointForConstExpr(BaseSubobject Base, const CXXRecordDecl *VTableClass) = 0; /// Get the address of the vtable for the given record decl which should be /// used for the vptr at the given offset in RD. virtual llvm::GlobalVariable *getAddrOfVTable(const CXXRecordDecl *RD, CharUnits VPtrOffset) = 0; /// Build a virtual function pointer in the ABI-specific way. virtual CGCallee getVirtualFunctionPointer(CodeGenFunction &CGF, GlobalDecl GD, Address This, llvm::Type *Ty, SourceLocation Loc) = 0; using DeleteOrMemberCallExpr = llvm::PointerUnion; /// Emit the ABI-specific virtual destructor call. virtual llvm::Value *EmitVirtualDestructorCall(CodeGenFunction &CGF, const CXXDestructorDecl *Dtor, CXXDtorType DtorType, Address This, DeleteOrMemberCallExpr E) = 0; virtual void adjustCallArgsForDestructorThunk(CodeGenFunction &CGF, GlobalDecl GD, CallArgList &CallArgs) {} /// Emit any tables needed to implement virtual inheritance. For Itanium, /// this emits virtual table tables. For the MSVC++ ABI, this emits virtual /// base tables. virtual void emitVirtualInheritanceTables(const CXXRecordDecl *RD) = 0; virtual bool exportThunk() = 0; virtual void setThunkLinkage(llvm::Function *Thunk, bool ForVTable, GlobalDecl GD, bool ReturnAdjustment) = 0; virtual llvm::Value *performThisAdjustment(CodeGenFunction &CGF, Address This, const ThisAdjustment &TA) = 0; virtual llvm::Value *performReturnAdjustment(CodeGenFunction &CGF, Address Ret, const ReturnAdjustment &RA) = 0; virtual void EmitReturnFromThunk(CodeGenFunction &CGF, RValue RV, QualType ResultType); virtual size_t getSrcArgforCopyCtor(const CXXConstructorDecl *, FunctionArgList &Args) const = 0; /// Gets the offsets of all the virtual base pointers in a given class. virtual std::vector getVBPtrOffsets(const CXXRecordDecl *RD); /// Gets the pure virtual member call function. virtual StringRef GetPureVirtualCallName() = 0; /// Gets the deleted virtual member call name. virtual StringRef GetDeletedVirtualCallName() = 0; /**************************** Array cookies ******************************/ /// Returns the extra size required in order to store the array /// cookie for the given new-expression. May return 0 to indicate that no /// array cookie is required. /// /// Several cases are filtered out before this method is called: /// - non-array allocations never need a cookie /// - calls to \::operator new(size_t, void*) never need a cookie /// /// \param expr - the new-expression being allocated. virtual CharUnits GetArrayCookieSize(const CXXNewExpr *expr); /// Initialize the array cookie for the given allocation. /// /// \param NewPtr - a char* which is the presumed-non-null /// return value of the allocation function /// \param NumElements - the computed number of elements, /// potentially collapsed from the multidimensional array case; /// always a size_t /// \param ElementType - the base element allocated type, /// i.e. the allocated type after stripping all array types virtual Address InitializeArrayCookie(CodeGenFunction &CGF, Address NewPtr, llvm::Value *NumElements, const CXXNewExpr *expr, QualType ElementType); /// Reads the array cookie associated with the given pointer, /// if it has one. /// /// \param Ptr - a pointer to the first element in the array /// \param ElementType - the base element type of elements of the array /// \param NumElements - an out parameter which will be initialized /// with the number of elements allocated, or zero if there is no /// cookie /// \param AllocPtr - an out parameter which will be initialized /// with a char* pointing to the address returned by the allocation /// function /// \param CookieSize - an out parameter which will be initialized /// with the size of the cookie, or zero if there is no cookie virtual void ReadArrayCookie(CodeGenFunction &CGF, Address Ptr, const CXXDeleteExpr *expr, QualType ElementType, llvm::Value *&NumElements, llvm::Value *&AllocPtr, CharUnits &CookieSize); /// Return whether the given global decl needs a VTT parameter. virtual bool NeedsVTTParameter(GlobalDecl GD); protected: /// Returns the extra size required in order to store the array /// cookie for the given type. Assumes that an array cookie is /// required. virtual CharUnits getArrayCookieSizeImpl(QualType elementType); /// Reads the array cookie for an allocation which is known to have one. /// This is called by the standard implementation of ReadArrayCookie. /// /// \param ptr - a pointer to the allocation made for an array, as a char* /// \param cookieSize - the computed cookie size of an array /// /// Other parameters are as above. /// /// \return a size_t virtual llvm::Value *readArrayCookieImpl(CodeGenFunction &IGF, Address ptr, CharUnits cookieSize); public: /*************************** Static local guards ****************************/ /// Emits the guarded initializer and destructor setup for the given /// variable, given that it couldn't be emitted as a constant. /// If \p PerformInit is false, the initialization has been folded to a /// constant and should not be performed. /// /// The variable may be: /// - a static local variable /// - a static data member of a class template instantiation virtual void EmitGuardedInit(CodeGenFunction &CGF, const VarDecl &D, llvm::GlobalVariable *DeclPtr, bool PerformInit) = 0; /// Emit code to force the execution of a destructor during global /// teardown. The default implementation of this uses atexit. /// /// \param Dtor - a function taking a single pointer argument /// \param Addr - a pointer to pass to the destructor function. virtual void registerGlobalDtor(CodeGenFunction &CGF, const VarDecl &D, llvm::FunctionCallee Dtor, llvm::Constant *Addr) = 0; /*************************** thread_local initialization ********************/ /// Emits ABI-required functions necessary to initialize thread_local /// variables in this translation unit. /// /// \param CXXThreadLocals - The thread_local declarations in this translation /// unit. /// \param CXXThreadLocalInits - If this translation unit contains any /// non-constant initialization or non-trivial destruction for /// thread_local variables, a list of functions to perform the /// initialization. virtual void EmitThreadLocalInitFuncs( CodeGenModule &CGM, ArrayRef CXXThreadLocals, ArrayRef CXXThreadLocalInits, ArrayRef CXXThreadLocalInitVars) = 0; // Determine if references to thread_local global variables can be made // directly or require access through a thread wrapper function. virtual bool usesThreadWrapperFunction(const VarDecl *VD) const = 0; /// Emit a reference to a non-local thread_local variable (including /// triggering the initialization of all thread_local variables in its /// translation unit). virtual LValue EmitThreadLocalVarDeclLValue(CodeGenFunction &CGF, const VarDecl *VD, QualType LValType) = 0; /// Emit a single constructor/destructor with the given type from a C++ /// constructor Decl. virtual void emitCXXStructor(GlobalDecl GD) = 0; /// Load a vtable from This, an object of polymorphic type RD, or from one of /// its virtual bases if it does not have its own vtable. Returns the vtable /// and the class from which the vtable was loaded. virtual std::pair LoadVTablePtr(CodeGenFunction &CGF, Address This, const CXXRecordDecl *RD) = 0; }; // Create an instance of a C++ ABI class: /// Creates an Itanium-family ABI. CGCXXABI *CreateItaniumCXXABI(CodeGenModule &CGM); /// Creates a Microsoft-family ABI. CGCXXABI *CreateMicrosoftCXXABI(CodeGenModule &CGM); struct CatchRetScope final : EHScopeStack::Cleanup { llvm::CatchPadInst *CPI; CatchRetScope(llvm::CatchPadInst *CPI) : CPI(CPI) {} void Emit(CodeGenFunction &CGF, Flags flags) override { llvm::BasicBlock *BB = CGF.createBasicBlock("catchret.dest"); CGF.Builder.CreateCatchRet(CPI, BB); CGF.EmitBlock(BB); } }; } } #endif