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Running-behind-apache.md

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Running Netdata behind Apache's mod_proxy

Below, you can find instructions for configuring an apache server to:

  1. Proxy a single Netdata via an HTTP and HTTPS virtual host.
  2. Dynamically proxy any number of Netdata servers.
  3. Add user authentication.
  4. Adjust Netdata settings to get optimal results.

Requirements

Make sure your apache has mod_proxy and mod_proxy_http installed and enabled.

On Debian/Ubuntu systems, install apache, which already includes the two modules, using:

sudo apt-get install apache2

Enable them:

sudo a2enmod proxy
sudo a2enmod proxy_http

Also, enable the rewrite module:

sudo a2enmod rewrite

Netdata on an existing virtual host

On any existing and already working apache virtual host, you can redirect requests for URL /netdata/ to one or more Netdata servers.

Proxy one Netdata, running on the same server apache runs

Add the following on top of any existing virtual host. It will allow you to access Netdata as http://virtual.host/netdata/.

<VirtualHost *:80>

    RewriteEngine On
    ProxyRequests Off
    ProxyPreserveHost On

    <Proxy *>
        Require all granted
    </Proxy>

    # Local Netdata server accessed with '/netdata/', at localhost:19999
    ProxyPass "/netdata/" "http://localhost:19999/" connectiontimeout=5 timeout=30 keepalive=on
    ProxyPassReverse "/netdata/" "http://localhost:19999/"

    # if the user did not give the trailing /, add it
    # for HTTP (if the virtualhost is HTTP, use this)
    RewriteRule ^/netdata$ http://%{HTTP_HOST}/netdata/ [L,R=301]
    # for HTTPS (if the virtualhost is HTTPS, use this)
    #RewriteRule ^/netdata$ https://%{HTTP_HOST}/netdata/ [L,R=301]

    # rest of virtual host config here

</VirtualHost>

Proxy multiple Netdata running on multiple servers

Add the following on top of any existing virtual host. It will allow you to access multiple Netdata as http://virtual.host/netdata/HOSTNAME/, where HOSTNAME is the hostname of any other Netdata server you have (to access the localhost Netdata, use http://virtual.host/netdata/localhost/).

<VirtualHost *:80>

    RewriteEngine On
    ProxyRequests Off
    ProxyPreserveHost On

    <Proxy *>
        Require all granted
    </Proxy>

    # proxy any host, on port 19999
    ProxyPassMatch "^/netdata/([A-Za-z0-9\._-]+)/(.*)" "http://$1:19999/$2" connectiontimeout=5 timeout=30 keepalive=on

    # make sure the user did not forget to add a trailing /
    # for HTTP (if the virtualhost is HTTP, use this)
    RewriteRule "^/netdata/([A-Za-z0-9\._-]+)$" http://%{HTTP_HOST}/netdata/$1/ [L,R=301]
    # for HTTPS (if the virtualhost is HTTPS, use this)
    RewriteRule "^/netdata/([A-Za-z0-9\._-]+)$" https://%{HTTP_HOST}/netdata/$1/ [L,R=301]

     # rest of virtual host config here

</VirtualHost>

IMPORTANT
The above config allows your apache users to connect to port 19999 on any server on your network.

If you want to control the servers your users can connect to, replace the ProxyPassMatch line with the following. This allows only server1, server2, server3 and server4.

    ProxyPassMatch "^/netdata/(server1|server2|server3|server4)/(.*)" "http://$1:19999/$2" connectiontimeout=5 timeout=30 keepalive=on

Netdata on a dedicated virtual host

You can proxy Netdata through apache, using a dedicated apache virtual host.

Create a new apache site:

nano /etc/apache2/sites-available/netdata.conf

with this content:

<VirtualHost *:80>

    ProxyRequests Off
    ProxyPreserveHost On

    ServerName netdata.domain.tld

     <Proxy *>
        Require all granted
    </Proxy>

    ProxyPass "/" "http://localhost:19999/" connectiontimeout=5 timeout=30 keepalive=on
    ProxyPassReverse "/" "http://localhost:19999/"

    ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/netdata-error.log
    CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/netdata-access.log combined

</VirtualHost>

Enable the VirtualHost:

sudo a2ensite netdata.conf && service apache2 reload

Netdata proxy in Plesk

Assuming the main goal is to make Netdata running in HTTPS.

  1. Make a subdomain for Netdata on which you enable and force HTTPS - You can use a free Let's Encrypt certificate

  2. Go to "Apache & nginx Settings", and in the following section, add:

    RewriteEngine on
RewriteRule (.*) http://localhost:19999/$1 [P,L]

  3. Optional: If your server is remote, then replace "localhost" with your actual hostname or IP, it just works.

Repeat the operation for as many servers as you need.

Enable Basic Auth

If you wish to add an authentication (user/password) to access your Netdata, do these:

Install the package apache2-utils. On Debian/Ubuntu run sudo apt-get install apache2-utils.

Then, generate password for user netdata, using htpasswd -c /etc/apache2/.htpasswd netdata

Apache 2.2 Example:\ Modify the virtual host with these:

    # replace the <Proxy *> section
    <Proxy *>
        Order deny,allow
        Allow from all
    </Proxy>

    # add a <Location /netdata/> section
    <Location /netdata/>
        AuthType Basic
        AuthName "Protected site"
        AuthUserFile /etc/apache2/.htpasswd
        Require valid-user
        Order deny,allow
        Allow from all
    </Location>

Specify Location / if Netdata is running on dedicated virtual host.

Apache 2.4 (dedicated virtual host) Example:

<VirtualHost *:80>
    RewriteEngine On
    ProxyRequests Off
    ProxyPreserveHost On
    
    ServerName netdata.domain.tld

    <Proxy *>
        AllowOverride None
        AuthType Basic
        AuthName "Protected site"
        AuthUserFile /etc/apache2/.htpasswd
        Require valid-user
    </Proxy>

    ProxyPass "/" "http://localhost:19999/" connectiontimeout=5 timeout=30 keepalive=on
    ProxyPassReverse "/" "http://localhost:19999/"

    ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/netdata-error.log
    CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/netdata-access.log combined
</VirtualHost>

Note: Changes are applied by reloading or restarting Apache.

Configuration of Content Security Policy

If you want to enable CSP within your Apache, you should consider some special requirements for the headers. Modify your configuration like that:

    Header always set Content-Security-Policy "default-src http: 'unsafe-inline' 'self' 'unsafe-eval'; script-src http: 'unsafe-inline' 'self' 'unsafe-eval'; style-src http: 'self' 'unsafe-inline'"

Note: Changes are applied by reloading or restarting Apache.

Using Netdata with Apache's mod_evasive module

The mod_evasive Apache module helps system administrators protect their web server from brute force and distributed denial-of-service attack (DDoS) attacks.

Because Netdata sends a request to the web server for every chart update, it's normal to create 20–30 requests per second, per client. If you're using mod_evasive on your Apache web server, this volume of requests will trigger the module's protection, and your dashboard will become unresponsive. You may even begin to see 403 errors.

To mitigate this issue, you will need to change the value of the DOSPageCount option in your mod_evasive.conf file, which can typically be found at /etc/httpd/conf.d/mod_evasive.conf or /etc/apache2/mods-enabled/evasive.conf.

The DOSPageCount option sets the limit of the number of requests from a single IP address for the same page per page interval, which is usually 1 second. The default value is 2 requests per second. Netdata's typical usage will exceed that threshold, and mod_evasive will add your IP address to a blocklist.

Our users have found success by setting DOSPageCount to 30. Try this and raise the value if you continue to see 403 errors while accessing the dashboard.

DOSPageCount 30

Restart Apache with sudo systemctl restart apache2, or the appropriate method to restart services on your system, to reload its configuration with your new values.

Virtual host

To adjust the DOSPageCount for a specific virtual host, open your virtual host config, which can be found at /etc/httpd/conf/sites-available/my-domain.conf or /etc/apache2/sites-available/my-domain.conf and add the following:

<VirtualHost *:80>
    ...
    # Increase the DOSPageCount to prevent 403 errors and IP addresses being blocked.
    <IfModule mod_evasive20.c>
        DOSPageCount        30
    </IfModule>
</VirtualHost>

See issues #2011 and #7658 for more information.

Netdata configuration

You might edit /etc/netdata/netdata.conf to optimize your setup a bit. For applying these changes, you need to restart Netdata.

Response compression

If you plan to use Netdata exclusively via apache, you can gain some performance by preventing double compression of its output (Netdata compresses its response, apache re-compresses it) by editing /etc/netdata/netdata.conf and setting:

[web]
    enable gzip compression = no

Once you disable compression at Netdata (and restart it), please verify you receive compressed responses from apache (it is important to receive compressed responses - the charts will be more snappy).

Limit direct access to Netdata

You would also need to instruct Netdata to listen only on localhost, 127.0.0.1 or ::1.

[web]
    bind to = localhost

or

[web]
    bind to = 127.0.0.1

or

[web]
    bind to = ::1

You can also use a unix domain socket. This will also provide a faster route between apache and Netdata:

[web]
    bind to = unix:/tmp/netdata.sock

Apache 2.4.24+ can’t read from /tmp so create your socket in /var/run/netdata

[web]
    bind to = unix:/var/run/netdata/netdata.sock

At the apache side, prepend the second argument to ProxyPass with unix:/tmp/netdata.sock|, like this:

ProxyPass "/netdata/" "unix:/tmp/netdata.sock|http://localhost:19999/" connectiontimeout=5 timeout=30 keepalive=on

If your apache server is not on localhost, you can set:

[web]
    bind to = *
    allow connections from = IP_OF_APACHE_SERVER

allow connections from accepts Netdata simple patterns to match against the connection IP address.

Prevent the double access.log

Apache logs accesses and Netdata logs them too. You can prevent Netdata from generating its access log, by setting this in /etc/netdata/netdata.conf:

[logs]
    access = off

Troubleshooting mod_proxy

Make sure the requests reach Netdata, by examining /var/log/netdata/access.log.

  1. if the requests don’t reach Netdata, your apache doesn’t forward them.
  2. if the requests reach Netdata but the URLs are wrong, you haven’t re-written them properly.