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-<!--
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- This is Linuxdoc-sgml source for GNU Midnight Commander documentation.
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- In order to compile this into different formats, you have to use
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- sgml-tools by Matt Welsh.
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- Note for those who will write this:
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- Special characters ([ ] \ < > " | $ ~ # %) bring some troubles and should
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- be written with care. Here is a key for using them:
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- Character(s)
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- to achieve | Normal use | Inside tag (tag, em, tt, etc.) | Verbatim
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- Verbatim means anywhere between <code> </code> and <verb> </verb>.
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- -->
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-<!doctype linuxdoc system>
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-
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-<article>
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-
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-<title>GNU Midnight Commander User's Guide
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-<author>Written by the Midnight Commander development team <tt/mc-devel@nuclecu.unam.mx/
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-<date>v 3.0, 16 September 1995
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-<abstract>
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-This document describes how to use the GNU Midnight Commander, Unix file manager.
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-</abstract>
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-
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-<toc>
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-
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-<sect>Usage<label id="Usage">
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-
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-<p>
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-<tt/mc/ [-abcCdfhkPstuUVx?] [-l log ] [dir1 [dir2]]
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-[-v file] [-l file&rsqb
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-
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-<sect>Description<label id="Description">
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-
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-<p>
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-The Midnight Commander is a directory browser/file manager
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-for Unix-like operating systems.
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-
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-<sect>Options<label id="Options">
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-
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-<p>
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-<descrip>
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-<tag/-a/ Disables the usage of graphics characters for line drawing.
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-<tag/-b/ Forces black and white display.
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-<tag/-c/ Force color mode, please check the section <ref name="Colors" id="Colors"> for
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-more information.
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-<tag/-C arg/ Used to specify a different color set in the
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-command line. The format of arg is documented in the
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-<ref name="Colors" id="Colors"> section.
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-<tag/-d/ Disables mouse support.
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-<tag/-f/ Displays the compiled-in search paths for Midnight
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-Commander files.
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-<tag/-k/ Reset softkeys to their default from the termcap/terminfo
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-database. Only useful on HP terminals when the function keys don't work.
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-<tag/-l file/ Save the ftpfs dialog with the server in file.
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-<tag/-P/ At program end, the Midnight Commander will print the
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-last working directory; this, along with the shell
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-function below, will allow you to browse through your
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-directories and automatically move to the last directory
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-you were in (thanks to Torben Fjerdingstad and Sergey for
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-contributing this function and the code which implements
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-this option).
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-
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-Please don't add verbatim copies of the function definitions below. Source the
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-files @prefix@/lib/mc/bin/mc.sh (bash and zsh users) respectively
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-@prefix@/lib/mc/bin/mc.csh (tcsh users) instead. This way you will not
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-need to change your profiles if the function definitions are improved,
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-provided that you don't compile MC with a different prefix.
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-
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-bash and zsh users:
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-
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-<tscreen><verb>
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-mc ()
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-{
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- mkdir -p $HOME/.mc/tmp 2> /dev/null
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- chmod 700 $HOME/.mc/tmp
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- MC=$HOME/.mc/tmp/mc$$-"$RANDOM"
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- @prefix@/bin/mc -P "$@" > "$MC"
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- cd "`cat $MC`"
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- rm "$MC"
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- unset MC;
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-}
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-</verb></tscreen>
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-
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-tcsh users:
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-
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-<tscreen><verb>
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-alias mc 'setenv MC `@prefix@/bin/mc -P \!*`; cd $MC; unsetenv MC'
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-</verb></tscreen>
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-
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-I know the bash function could be shorter for zsh and bash but the
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-backquotes on bash won't accept your suspension the program with
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-C-z. The temporary file is created in the private directory ~/.mc/tmp
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-in order to avoid symlink attacks in a world writable /tmp.
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-
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-<tag/-s/ Turns on the slow terminal mode, in this mode the
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-program will not draw expensive line drawing characters
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-and will toggle verbose mode off.
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-<tag/-t/ Used only if the code was compiled with Slang and
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-terminfo: it makes the Midnight Commander use the value of
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-the <tt/TERMCAP/ variable for the terminal information instead
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-of the information on the system wide terminal database
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-<tag/-u/ Disables the use of a concurrent shell (only makes
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-sense if the Midnight Commander has been built with
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-concurrent shell support).
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-<tag/-v file/Enters the internal viewer to view the file specified.
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-<tag/-e file/Enters the internal editor to edit the file specified.
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-<tag/-U/ Enables the use of the concurrent shell support (only
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-makes sense if the Midnight Commander was built with the
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-subshell support set as an optional feature).
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-<tag/-V/ Displays the version of the program.
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-<tag/-x/ Forces xterm mode. Used when running on xterm-capable
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-terminals (two screen modes, and able to send mouse escape sequences).
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-</descrip>
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-If specified, the first path name is the directory to show
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-in the selected panel; the second path name is the
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-directory to be shown in the other panel.
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-
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-<sect>Overview<label id="Overview">
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-
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-<p>
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-The screen of the Midnight Commander is divided into four
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-parts. Almost all of the screen space is taken up by two
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-directory panels. By default, the second bottommost line
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-of the screen is the shell command line, and the bottom
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-line shows the function key labels. The topmost line is
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-the <ref name="menu bar line" id="Menu Bar">. The menu bar line may not be visible,
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-but appears if you click the topmost line with the mouse
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-or press the F9 key.
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-
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-The Midnight Commander provides a view of two directories
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-at the same time. One of the panels is the current panel
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-(a selection bar is in the current panel). Almost all
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-operations take place on the current panel. Some file
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-operations like Rename and Copy by default use the
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-directory of the unselected panel as a destination (don't
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-worry, they always ask you for confirmation first). For
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-more information, see the sections on the <ref name="Directory
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-Panels" id="Directory Panels">, the <ref name="Left and Right Menus" id="Left and Right Menus"> and the <ref name="File Menu" id="File Menu">.
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-
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-You can execute system commands from the Midnight
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-Commander by simply typing them. Everything you type will
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-appear on the shell command line, and when you press Enter
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-the Midnight Commander will execute the command line you
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-typed; read the <ref name="Shell Command Line" id="Shell Command Line"> and <ref name="Input Line Keys" id="Input Line Keys">
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-sections to learn more about the command line.
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-
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-<sect>Mouse Support<label id="Mouse Support">
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-
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-<p>
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-The Midnight Commander comes with mouse support. It is
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-activated whenever you are running on an <bf/xterm(1)/ terminal
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-(it even works if you take a telnet or rlogin connection
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-to another machine from the xterm) or if you are running
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-on a Linux console and have the <bf/gpm(1)/ mouse server running.
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-
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-When you left click on a file in the directory panels,
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-that file is selected; if you click with the right button,
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-the file is marked (or unmarked, depending on the previous
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-state).
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-
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-Double-clicking on a file will try to execute the command
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-if it is an executable program; and if the
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-<ref name="extension file" id="Extension File Edit">
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-has a program specified for the file's extension, the
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-specified program is executed.
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-
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-Also, it is possible to execute the commands assigned to
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-the function key labels by clicking on them.
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-
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-If a mouse button is clicked on the top frame line of the
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-directory panel, it is scrolled one pageful backward.
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-Correspondingly, a click on the bottom frame line will
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-cause a scroll of one pageful forward. This frame line
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-method works also in the <ref name="Help Viewer" id="How to use help"> and the
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-<ref name="Directory Tree" id="Directory Tree">.
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-
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-The default auto repeat rate for the mouse buttons is 400
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-milliseconds. This may be changed to other values by
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-editing the <ref name="~/.mc/ini" id="Save Setup"> file and changing the
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-<em/mouse_repeat_rate/ parameter.
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-
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-If you are running the Commander with the mouse support,
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-you can bypass the Commander and get the default mouse
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-behavior (cutting and pasting text) by holding down the
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-Shift key.
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-
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-<sect>Keys<label id="Keys">
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-
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-<p>
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-Some commands in the Midnight Commander involve the use of
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-the <em/Control/ (sometimes labeled CTRL or CTL) and the <em/Meta/
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-(sometimes labeled ALT or even Compose) keys. In this
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-manual we will use the following abbreviations:
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-
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-C-<em/chr/ means hold the Control key while typing the
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-character <em/chr/. Thus C-f would be: hold the Control key
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-and type f.
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-
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-M-<em/chr/ means hold the Meta or Alt key down while typing
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-<em/chr/. If there is no Meta or Alt key, type ESC, release
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-it, then type the character <em/chr/.
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-
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-All input lines in the Midnight Commander use an
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-approximation to the GNU Emacs editor's key bindings.
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-
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-There are many sections which tell about the keys. The
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-following are the most important.
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-
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-The <ref name="File Menu" id="File Menu"> section documents
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-the keyboard shortcuts for the commands appearing in the File menu.
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-This section
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-includes the function keys. Most of these commands perform
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-some action, usually on the selected file or the tagged
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-files.
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-
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-The <ref name="Directory Panels" id="Directory Panels">
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-section documents the keys which
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-select a file or tag files as a target for a later action
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-(the action is usually one from the file menu).
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-
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-The <ref name="Shell Command Line" id="Shell Command Line">
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-section list the keys which are
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-used for entering and editing command lines. Most of these
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-copy file names and such from the directory panels to the
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-command line (to avoid excessive typing) or access the
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-command line history.
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-
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-<ref name="Input Line Keys" id="Input Line Keys">
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-are used for editing input lines. This
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-means both the command line and the input lines in the
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-query dialogs.
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-
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-<sect1>Miscellaneous Keys<label id="Miscellaneous Keys">
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-
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-<p>
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-Here are some keys which don't fall into any of the other
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-categories:
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-
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-<descrip>
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-<tag/Enter/ If there is some text in the command line (the one
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-at the bottom of the panels), then that command is
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-executed. If there is no text in the command line then if
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-the selection bar is over a directory the Midnight
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-Commander does a <bf/chdir(2)/ to the selected directory and
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-reloads the information on the panel; if the selection is
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-an executable file then it is executed. Finally, if the
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-extension of the selected file name matches one of the
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-extensions in the <ref name="extensions file" id="Extension File Edit"> then the corresponding
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-command is executed.
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-<tag/C-l/ Repaint all the information in the Midnight
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-Commander.
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-<tag/C-x c/ Run the <ref name="Chmod" id="Chmod"> command on a file or on the tagged
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-files.
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-<tag/C-x o/ Run the <ref name="Chown" id="Chown"> command on the current file or on the
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-tagged files.
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-<tag/C-x l/ Run the link command.
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-<tag/C-x s/ Run the symbolic link command.
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-<tag/C-x C-l/ Create symbolic link to the selection in the current panel at
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-the place specified in the dialog (defaults to a symlink in the other
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-panel's directory), using a relative shortest possible symlink.
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-<tag/C-x i/ Set the other panel display mode to information.
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-<tag/C-x q/ Set the other panel display mode to quick view.
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-<tag/C-x !/ Execute the <ref name="External panelize" id="External panelize"> command.
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-<tag/C-x h/ Run the <ref name="add directory to hotlist" id="Hotlist"> command.
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-<tag/M-!/ Executes the Filtered view command, described in the
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-<ref name="view command" id="Internal File Viewer">.
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-<tag/M-?/ Executes the <ref name="Find file" id="Find File"> command.
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-<tag/M-c/ Pops up the <ref name="quick cd" id="Quick cd"> dialog.
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-<tag/C-o/ When the program is being run in the Linux or SCO console or
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-under an xterm, it will show you the output of the
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-previous command. When ran on the Linux console, the
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-Midnight Commander uses an external program (<bf/cons.saver/)
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-to handle saving and restoring of information on the
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-screen.
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-When the subshell support is compiled in, you can type <tt/C-o/
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-at any time and you will be taken back to the Midnight
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-Commander main screen, to return to your application just
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-type <tt/C-o/. If you have an application suspended by using
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-this trick, you won't be able to execute other programs
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-from the Midnight Commander until you terminate the
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-suspended application.
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-</descrip>
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-
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-<sect1>Directory Panels<label id="Directory Panels">
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-
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-<p>
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-This section lists the keys which operate on the directory
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-panels. If you want to know how to change the appearance
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-of the panels take a look at the section on <ref name="Left and Right
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-Menus" id="Left and Right Menus">.
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-
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-<descrip>
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-<tag/Tab, C-i/ Change the current panel. The old other panel
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-becomes the new current panel and the old current panel
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-becomes the new other panel. The selection bar moves from
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-the old current panel to the new current panel.
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-<tag/Insert, C-t/ To tag files you may use the Insert key (the
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-kich1 terminfo sequence) or the <tt/C-t/ (Control-t) sequence.
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-To untag files, just retag a tagged file.
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-<tag/M-g, M-h (or M-r), M-j/ Used to select the top file in a
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-panel, the middle file and the bottom one, respectively.
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-<tag/C-s, M-s/ Start a filename search in the directory
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-listing. When the search is active the keypresses will be
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-added to the search string instead of the command line. If
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-the <em/Show mini-status/ option is enabled the search string
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-is shown on the mini-status line. When typing, the
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-selection bar will move to the next file starting with the
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-typed letters. The <tt/backspace/ or <tt/DEL/ keys can be used to
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-correct typing mistakes. If <tt/C-s/ is pressed again, the next
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-match is searched for.
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-<tag/M-t/Toggle the current display listing to show the next display listing
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-mode. With this it is possible to quickly switch from long listing
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-to regular listing and the user defined listing mode.
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-<tag/C-\ (control-backslash)/ Show the
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-<ref name="directory hotlist" id="Hotlist"> and change to the selected
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-directory.
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-<tag/+ (plus)/ This is used to select (tag) a group of files.
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-The Midnight Commander will prompt for a regular
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-expression describing the group. When <em/Shell Patterns/ are
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-enabled, the regular expression is much like the regular
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-expressions in the shell (* standing for zero or more
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-characters and ? standing for one character).
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-If <em/Shell Patterns/ is off, then the tagging of files is done with
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-normal regular expressions (see <bf/ed (1)/).
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-If the expression starts or ends with a slash (<tt>/</tt>), then it
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-will select directories instead of files.
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-<tag/\ (backslash)/ Use the <tt/\/ key to unselect a group of
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-files. This is the opposite of the Plus key.
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-<tag/up-key, C-p/ Move the selection bar to the previous entry
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-in the panel.
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-<tag/down-key, C-n/ Move the selection bar to the next entry in
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-the panel.
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-<tag/home, a1, M-</ Move the selection bar to the first entry
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-in the panel.
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-<tag/end, c1, M->/ Move the selection bar to the last entry in
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-the panel.
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-<tag/next-page, C-v/ Move the selection bar one page down.
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-<tag/prev-page, M-v/ Move the selection bar one page up.
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-<tag/M-o/ If the other panel is a listing panel and you are
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-standing on a directory in the current panel, then the
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-other panel contents are set to the contents of the
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-currently selected directory (like Emacs' dired C-o key)
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-otherwise the other panel contents are set to the parent
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-dir of the current dir.
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-<tag/C-PageUp, C-PageDown/ Only when ran on the Linux console:
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-does a chdir to <tt/../ and to the currently selected
|
|
|
-directory respectively.
|
|
|
-<tag/M-y/ Moves to the previous directory in the history, equivalent
|
|
|
-to depressing the <tt/</ with the mouse.
|
|
|
-<tag/M-u/ Moves to the next directory in the history, equivalent
|
|
|
-to depressing the <tt/>/ with the mouse.
|
|
|
-<tag/M-S-h, M-H/ Displays the directory history, equivalent to
|
|
|
-depressing the <tt/v/ with the mouse.
|
|
|
-</descrip>
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<sect1>Shell Command Line<label id="Shell Command Line">
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<p>
|
|
|
-This section lists keys which are useful to avoid
|
|
|
-excessive typing when entering shell commands.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<descrip>
|
|
|
-<tag/M-Enter/ Copy the currently selected file name to the
|
|
|
-command line.
|
|
|
-<tag/C-Enter/ Same a M-Enter, this one only works on the Linux
|
|
|
-console.
|
|
|
-<tag/M-Tab/ Does the filename, command, variable, username and
|
|
|
-hostname <ref name="completion" id="Completion"> for you.
|
|
|
-<tag/C-x t, C-x C-t/ Copy the tagged files (or if there are no
|
|
|
-tagged files, the selected file) of the current panel (<tt/C-x t/)
|
|
|
-or of the other panel (<tt/C-x C-t/) to the command line.
|
|
|
-<tag/C-x p, C-x C-p/ The first key sequence copies the current
|
|
|
-path name to the command line, and the second one copies
|
|
|
-the unselected panel's path name to the command line.
|
|
|
-<tag/C-x r, C-x C-r/ Copy value of current symlink (or current symlink
|
|
|
-in the other panel) to the command line.
|
|
|
-<tag/C-q/ The quote command can be used to insert characters
|
|
|
-that are otherwise interpreted by the Midnight Commander
|
|
|
-(like the <tt/+/ symbol).
|
|
|
-<tag/M-p, M-n/ Use these keys to browse through the command
|
|
|
-history. M-p takes you to the last entry, M-n takes you to
|
|
|
-the next one.
|
|
|
-<tag/M-h/ Displays the history for the current input line.
|
|
|
-</descrip>
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<sect1>General Movement Keys<label id="General Movement Keys">
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<p>
|
|
|
-The help viewer, the file viewer and the directory tree
|
|
|
-use common code to handle moving. Therefore they accept
|
|
|
-exactly the same keys. Each of them also accepts some keys
|
|
|
-of its own.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-Other parts of the Midnight Commander use some of the same
|
|
|
-movement keys, so this section may be of use for those
|
|
|
-parts too.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<descrip>
|
|
|
-<tag/Up, C-p/ Moves one line backward.
|
|
|
-<tag/Down, C-n/ Moves one line forward.
|
|
|
-<tag/Prev Page, Page Up, M-v/ Moves one pageful backward.
|
|
|
-<tag/Next Page, Page Down, C-v/ Moves one pageful forward.
|
|
|
-<tag/Home, A1/ Moves to the beginning.
|
|
|
-<tag/End, C1/ Move to the end.
|
|
|
-</descrip>
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-The help viewer and the file viewer accept the following
|
|
|
-keys in addition the to ones mentioned above:
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<descrip>
|
|
|
-<tag/b, C-b, C-h, Backspace, Delete/ Moves one pageful
|
|
|
-backward.
|
|
|
-<tag/Space bar/ Moves one pageful forward.
|
|
|
-<tag/u, d/ Moves one half of a page backward or forward.
|
|
|
-<tag/g, G/ Moves to the beginning or to the end.
|
|
|
-</descrip>
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<sect1>Input Line Keys<label id="Input Line Keys">
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<p>
|
|
|
-The input lines (they are used for the <ref name="command line" id="Shell Command Line"> and
|
|
|
-for the query dialogs in the program) accept these keys:
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<descrip>
|
|
|
-<tag/C-a/ puts the cursor at the beginning of line.
|
|
|
-<tag/C-e/ puts the cursor at the end of the line.
|
|
|
-<tag/C-b, move-left/ move the cursor one position left.
|
|
|
-<tag/C-f, move-right/ move the cursor one position right.
|
|
|
-<tag/M-f/ moves one word forward.
|
|
|
-<tag/M-b/ moves one word backward.
|
|
|
-<tag/C-h, backspace/ delete the previous character.
|
|
|
-<tag/C-d, Delete/ delete the character in the point (over the
|
|
|
-cursor).
|
|
|
-<tag/C-@/ sets the mark for cutting.
|
|
|
-<tag/C-w/ copies the text between the cursor and the mark to a
|
|
|
-kill buffer and removes the text from the input line.
|
|
|
-<tag/M-w/ copies the text between the cursor and the mark to a
|
|
|
-kill buffer.
|
|
|
-<tag/C-y/ yanks back the contents of the kill buffer.
|
|
|
-<tag/C-k/ kills the text from the cursor to the end of the line.
|
|
|
-<tag/M-p, M-n/ Use these keys to browse through the command
|
|
|
-history. <tt/M-p/ takes you to the last entry, <tt/M-n/ takes you to
|
|
|
-the next one.
|
|
|
-<tag/M-C-h, M-Backspace/ delete one word backward.
|
|
|
-<tag/M-Tab/ does the filename, command, variable, username and
|
|
|
-hostname <ref name="completion" id="Completion"> for you.
|
|
|
-</descrip>
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<sect>Menu Bar<label id="Menu Bar">
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<p>
|
|
|
-The menu bar pops up when you press F9 or click the mouse
|
|
|
-on the top row of the screen. The menu bar has five menus:
|
|
|
-<em/Left/, <em/File/, <em/Command/, <em/Options/ and <em/Right/.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-The <ref name="Left and Right Menus" id="Left and Right Menus"> allow you to modify the
|
|
|
-appearance of the left and right directory panels.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-The <ref name="File Menu" id="File Menu"> lists the actions you can perform on the
|
|
|
-currently selected file or the tagged files.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-The <ref name="Command Menu" id="Command Menu"> lists the actions which are more general
|
|
|
-and bear no relation to the currently selected file or the
|
|
|
-tagged files.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<sect1>Left and Right Menus<label id="Left and Right Menus">
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<p>
|
|
|
-The outlook of the directory panels can be changed from
|
|
|
-the <bf/Left/ and <bf/Right/ menus.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<sect2>Listing Mode...<label id="Listing Mode...">
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<p>
|
|
|
-The listing mode view is used to display a listing of
|
|
|
-files, there are four different listing modes available:
|
|
|
-<bf/Full/, <bf/Brief/, <bf/Long/ and <bf/User/. The full directory view shows
|
|
|
-the file name, the size of the file and the modification
|
|
|
-time.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-The brief view shows only the file name and it has two
|
|
|
-columns (therefore showing twice as many files as other
|
|
|
-views). The long view is similar to the output of <tt/ls -l/
|
|
|
-command. The long view takes the whole screen width.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-If you choose the <bf/User/ display format, then you have to
|
|
|
-specify the display format.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-The user display format must start with a panel size
|
|
|
-specifier. This may be <tt/half/ or <tt/full/, and they specify
|
|
|
-a half screen panel and a full screen panel respectively.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-After the panel size, you may specify the two columns mode
|
|
|
-on the panel, this is done by adding the number <tt/2/ to the
|
|
|
-user format string.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-After this you add the name of the fields with an optional
|
|
|
-size specifier. This are the available fields you may
|
|
|
-display:
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<descrip>
|
|
|
-<tag/name/ displays the file name.
|
|
|
-<tag/size/ displays the file size.
|
|
|
-<tag/bsize/ is an alternative form of the <bf>size</bf> format. It
|
|
|
-displays the size of the files and for directories it just shows
|
|
|
-<tt/SUB-DIR/ or <tt/UP--DIR/.
|
|
|
-<tag/type/ displays a one character field type. This character
|
|
|
-is a superset of what is displayed by ls with the <em/-F/ flag.
|
|
|
-An asterisk for executable files, a slash for directories,
|
|
|
-an at-sign for links, an equal sign for sockets, a hyphen
|
|
|
-for character devices, a plus sign for block devices, a
|
|
|
-pipe for fifos, a tilde for symbolic links to directories
|
|
|
-and an exclamation mark for stalled symlinks (links that
|
|
|
-point nowhere).
|
|
|
-<tag/mtime/ file's last modification time.
|
|
|
-<tag/atime/ file's last access time.
|
|
|
-<tag/ctime/ file's creation time.
|
|
|
-<tag/perm/ a string representing the current permission bits of
|
|
|
-the file.
|
|
|
-<tag/mode/ an octal value with the current permission bits of
|
|
|
-the file.
|
|
|
-<tag/nlink/ the number of links to the file.
|
|
|
-<tag/ngid/ the GID (numeric).
|
|
|
-<tag/nuid/ the UID (numeric).
|
|
|
-<tag/owner/ the owner of the file.
|
|
|
-<tag/group/ the group of the file.
|
|
|
-<tag/inode/ the inode of the file.
|
|
|
-</descrip>
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-Also you may use these field names for arranging the
|
|
|
-display:
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<descrip>
|
|
|
-<tag/space/ a space in the display format.
|
|
|
-<tag/dot/ a dot in the display format.
|
|
|
-<tag/mark/ An asterisk if the file is tagged, a space if it's not.
|
|
|
-<tag/|/ This character is used to add a vertical line to the
|
|
|
-display format.
|
|
|
-</descrip>
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-To force one field to a fixed size (a size specifier), you
|
|
|
-just add a <tt/:/ and then the number of characters you want
|
|
|
-the field to have, if the number is followed by the symbol
|
|
|
-<tt/+/, then the size specifies the minimum field size, if
|
|
|
-the program finds out that there is more space on the
|
|
|
-screen, it will then expand this field.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-For example, the <bf/Full/ display corresponds to this format:
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<tscreen><verb>
|
|
|
-half type,name,|,size,|,mtime
|
|
|
-</verb></tscreen>
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-And the <bf/Long/ display corresponds to this format:
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<tscreen><verb>
|
|
|
-full perm,space,nlink,space,owner,space,group,space,
|
|
|
- size,space,mtime,space,name
|
|
|
-</verb></tscreen>
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-This is a nice user display format:
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<tscreen><verb>
|
|
|
-half name,|,size:7,|,type,mode:3
|
|
|
-</verb></tscreen>
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-Panels may also be set to the following modes:
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<descrip>
|
|
|
-<tag/Info/ The info view display information related to the
|
|
|
-currently selected file and if possible information about
|
|
|
-the current file system.
|
|
|
-<tag/Tree/ The tree view is quite similar to the <ref name="directory
|
|
|
-tree" id="Directory Tree"> feature. See the section about it for more
|
|
|
-information.
|
|
|
-<tag/Quick View/ In this mode, the panel will switch to a
|
|
|
-reduced <ref name="viewer" id="Internal File Viewer"> that displays the contents of the
|
|
|
-currently selected file, if you select the panel (with the
|
|
|
-tab key or the mouse), you will have access to the usual
|
|
|
-viewer commands.
|
|
|
-</descrip>
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<sect2>Sort Order...<label id="Sort Order...">
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<p>
|
|
|
-The eight sort orders are by name, by extension, by
|
|
|
-modification time, by access time, and by inode
|
|
|
-information modification time, by size, by inode and
|
|
|
-unsorted. In the Sort order dialog box you can choose the
|
|
|
-sort order and you may also specify if you want to sort in
|
|
|
-reverse order by checking the reverse box.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-By default directories are sorted before files but this
|
|
|
-can be changed from the <ref name="Configuration" id="Configuration">
|
|
|
-(option <em/"Mix all files"/).
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<sect2>Filter...<label id="Filter...">
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<p>
|
|
|
-The filter command allows you to specify a shell pattern
|
|
|
-(for example <tt/*.tar.gz/) which the files must match to be
|
|
|
-shown. Regardless of the filter pattern, the directories
|
|
|
-and the links to directories are always shown in the
|
|
|
-directory panel.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<sect2>Reread<label id="Reread">
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<p>
|
|
|
-The reread command reload the list of files in the
|
|
|
-directory. It is useful if other processes have created or
|
|
|
-removed files. If you have panelized file names in a panel
|
|
|
-this will reload the directory contents and remove the
|
|
|
-panelized information (See the section <ref name="External panelize" id="External panelize">
|
|
|
-for more information).
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<sect1>File Menu<label id="File Menu">
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<p>
|
|
|
-The Midnight Commander uses the F1 - F10 keys as keyboard
|
|
|
-shortcuts for commands appearing in the file menu. The
|
|
|
-escape sequences for the Fkeys are terminfo capabilities
|
|
|
-<tt/kf1/ trough <tt/kf10/. On terminals without function key
|
|
|
-support, you can achieve the same functionality by
|
|
|
-pressing the <tt/ESC/ key and then a number in the range 1
|
|
|
-through 9 and 0 (corresponding to F1 to F9 and F10
|
|
|
-respectively).
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-The File menu has the following commands (keyboard
|
|
|
-shortcuts in parentheses):
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<descrip>
|
|
|
-<tag/Help (F1)/ Invokes the built-in hypertext help viewer. Inside the
|
|
|
-<ref name="help viewer" id="How to use help">, you can use the Tab key to select the next
|
|
|
-link and the Enter key to follow that link. The keys Space
|
|
|
-and Backspace are used to move forward and backward in a
|
|
|
-help page. Press F1 again to get the full list of accepted
|
|
|
-keys.
|
|
|
-<tag/Menu (F2)/ Invoke the <ref name="user menu" id="Menu File Edit">.
|
|
|
-The user menu provides an easy way
|
|
|
-to provide users with a menu and add extra features to the
|
|
|
-Midnight Commander.
|
|
|
-<tag/View (F3, Shift-F3)/ View the currently selected file.
|
|
|
-By default this invokes
|
|
|
-the <ref name="Internal File Viewer" id="Internal File Viewer"> but if the option
|
|
|
-<em/Use internal view/ is off, it invokes an external file viewer specified
|
|
|
-by the <tt/PAGER/ environment variable. If <tt/PAGER/ is undefined,
|
|
|
-the <bf/view/ command is invoked. If you use <tt/Shift-F3/
|
|
|
-instead, the viewer will be invoked without doing any
|
|
|
-formatting or preprocessing to the file.
|
|
|
-<tag/Filtered View (M-!)/ this command prompts for a command and it's arguments (the
|
|
|
-argument defaults to the currently selected file name),
|
|
|
-the output from such command is shown in the internal file
|
|
|
-viewer.
|
|
|
-<tag/Edit (F4)/ Currently it invokes the <tt/vi/ editor, or the editor
|
|
|
-specified in the <tt/EDITOR/ environment variable, or the
|
|
|
-<ref name="Internal File Editor" id="Internal File Editor">
|
|
|
-if the use_internal_edit option is on.
|
|
|
-<tag/Copy (F5)/ Pop up an input dialog with destination that defaults to
|
|
|
-the directory in the non-selected panel and copies the
|
|
|
-currently selected file (or the tagged files, if there is
|
|
|
-at least one file tagged) to the directory specified by
|
|
|
-the user in the input dialog. During this process, you can
|
|
|
-press C-c or ESC to abort the operation. For details about
|
|
|
-source mask (which will be usually either * or ^\(.*\)$
|
|
|
-depending on setting of Use shell patterns) and possible
|
|
|
-wildcards in the destination see <ref name="Mask copy/rename" id="Mask Copy/Rename">.
|
|
|
-On some systems, it is possible to do the copy in the background by
|
|
|
-clicking on the background button (or pressing M-b in the dialog
|
|
|
-box). The <ref name="Background Jobs" id="Background jobs"> command is
|
|
|
-used to control the background process.
|
|
|
-<tag/Link (C-x l)/ Create a hard link to the current file.
|
|
|
-<tag/SymLink (C-x s)/ Create a symbolic link to the current file. To those of
|
|
|
-you who don't know what links are: creating a link to a
|
|
|
-file is a bit like copying the file, but both the source
|
|
|
-filename and the destination filename represent the same
|
|
|
-file image. For example, if you edit one of these files,
|
|
|
-all changes you make will appear in both files. Some
|
|
|
-people call links aliases or shortcuts.
|
|
|
-A hard link appears as a real file. After making it, there
|
|
|
-is no way of telling which one is the original and which
|
|
|
-is the link. If you delete either one of them the other
|
|
|
-one is still intact. It is very difficult to notice that
|
|
|
-the files represent the same image. Use hard links when
|
|
|
-you don't even want to know.
|
|
|
-A symbolic link is a reference to the name of the original
|
|
|
-file. If the original file is deleted the symbolic link is
|
|
|
-useless. It is quite easy to notice that the files
|
|
|
-represent the same image. The Midnight Commander shows an
|
|
|
-<em/@/-sign in front of the file name if it is a symbolic
|
|
|
-link to somewhere (except to directory, where it shows a
|
|
|
-tilde (<em/˜/)). The original file which the link points to is
|
|
|
-shown on mini-status line if the <em/Show mini-status/ option
|
|
|
-is enabled. Use symbolic links when you want to avoid the
|
|
|
-confusion that can be caused by hard links.
|
|
|
-<tag/Edit sYmlink C-x C-s/ Lets you edit the value of the current symbolic
|
|
|
-link (i.e. the absolute/relative path the symlink points to).
|
|
|
-<tag>Rename/Move (F6)</tag> Pop up an input dialog that
|
|
|
-defaults to the directory in
|
|
|
-the non-selected panel and moves the currently selected
|
|
|
-file (or the tagged files if there is at least one tagged
|
|
|
-file) to the directory specified by the user in the input
|
|
|
-dialog. During the process, you can press C-c or ESC to
|
|
|
-abort the operation. For more details look at Copy
|
|
|
-operation above, most of the things are quite similar.
|
|
|
-On some systems, it is possible to do the copy in the background by
|
|
|
-clicking on the background button (or pressing M-b in the dialog
|
|
|
-box). The <ref name="Background Jobs" id="Background jobs"> command is
|
|
|
-used to control the background process.
|
|
|
-<tag/Mkdir (F7)/ Pop up an input dialog and creates the directory
|
|
|
-specified.
|
|
|
-<tag/Delete (F8)/ Delete the currently selected file or the tagged files in
|
|
|
-the currently selected panel. During the process, you can
|
|
|
-press <tt/C-c/ or <tt/ESC/ to abort the operation.
|
|
|
-<tag/Quick cd (M-c)/ Use the <ref name="quick cd" id="Quick cd"> command if you have full
|
|
|
-command line and want to cd somewhere.
|
|
|
-<tag/Select group (+)/ This is used to select (tag) a group of files. The
|
|
|
-Midnight Commander will prompt for a regular expression
|
|
|
-describing the group. When <em/Shell Patterns/ are enabled,
|
|
|
-the regular expression is much like the filename globbing
|
|
|
-in the shell (<tt/*/ standing for zero or more characters and <tt/?/
|
|
|
-standing for one character). If <em/Shell Patterns/ is off,
|
|
|
-then the tagging of files is done with normal regular
|
|
|
-expressions (see <bf/ed (1)/).
|
|
|
-To mark directories instead of files, the expression must
|
|
|
-start or end with a <tt>/</tt>.
|
|
|
-<tag/Unselect group (\)/ Used for unselecting a group of files.
|
|
|
-This is the opposite of the <em/Select group/ command.
|
|
|
-<tag/Quit (F10, Shift-F10)/ Terminate the Midnight Commander.
|
|
|
-<tt/Shift-F10/ is used when you want to quit and you are using the shell wrapper.
|
|
|
-<tt/Shift-F10/ will not take you to the last directory you
|
|
|
-visited with the Midnight Commander, instead it will stay
|
|
|
-at the directory where you started the Midnight Commander.
|
|
|
-</descrip>
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<sect2>Quick cd<label id="Quick cd">
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<p>
|
|
|
-This command is useful if you have a full command line and
|
|
|
-want to <ref name="cd" id="The cd internal command"> somewhere without
|
|
|
-having to yank and paste the command line. This command pops up a
|
|
|
-small dialog,
|
|
|
-where you enter everything you would enter after <tt/cd/ on
|
|
|
-the command line and then you press enter. This features
|
|
|
-all the things that are already in the <ref name="internal cd
|
|
|
-command" id="The cd internal command">.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<sect1>Command Menu<label id="Command Menu">
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<p>
|
|
|
-The <ref name="Directory tree" id="Directory Tree"> command shows a tree figure of the
|
|
|
-directories.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-The <ref name="Find file" id="Find File"> command allows you to search for a specific
|
|
|
-file. The "Swap panels" command swaps the contents of the
|
|
|
-two directory panels.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-The <bf>Panels on/off</bf> command shows the output of the last
|
|
|
-shell command. This works only on <bf/xterm/ and on Linux
|
|
|
-and SCO console.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-The <bf/Compare directories (C-x d)/ command compares the
|
|
|
-directory panels with each other. You can then use the
|
|
|
-<bf/Copy (F5)/ command to make the panels identical. There are
|
|
|
-three comparison methods. The quick method compares only file
|
|
|
-size and file date. The thorough method makes a full
|
|
|
-byte-by-byte compare. The thorough method is not available
|
|
|
-if the machine does not support the <bf/mmap(2)/ system call. The
|
|
|
-size-only compare method just compares the file sizes and does not
|
|
|
-check the contents or the date times, it just checks the file size.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-The <bf/Command history/ command shows a list of typed
|
|
|
-commands. The selected command is copied to the command
|
|
|
-line. The command history can also be accessed by typing
|
|
|
-<tt/M-p/ or <tt/M-n/.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-The <ref name="Directory hotlist" id="Hotlist"> (C-\) command makes changing of the
|
|
|
-current directory to often used directories faster.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-The <ref name="External panelize" id="External panelize"> allows you to execute an external
|
|
|
-program, and make the output of that program the contents
|
|
|
-of the current panel.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<ref name="Extension file edit" id="Extension File Edit"> command allows you to specify
|
|
|
-programs to executed when you try to execute, view, edit
|
|
|
-and do a bunch of other thing on files with certain
|
|
|
-extensions (filename endings). The <ref name="Menu file edit" id="Menu File Edit">
|
|
|
-command may be used for editing the user menu (which
|
|
|
-appears by pressing <tt/F2/).
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<sect2>Directory Tree<label id="Directory Tree">
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<p>
|
|
|
-The Directory Tree command shows a tree figure of the
|
|
|
-directories. You can select a directory from the figure
|
|
|
-and the Midnight Commander will change to that directory.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-There are two ways to invoke the tree. The real directory
|
|
|
-tree command is available from Commands menu. The other
|
|
|
-way is to select tree view from the Left or Right menu.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-To get rid of long delays the Midnight Commander creates
|
|
|
-the tree figure by scanning only a small subset of all the
|
|
|
-directories. If the directory which you want to see is
|
|
|
-missing, move to its parent directory and press <tt/C-r/ (or
|
|
|
-<tt/F2/).
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-You can use the following keys:
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<ref name="General movement keys" id="General Movement Keys"> are accepted.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<descrip>
|
|
|
-<tag/Enter/ In the directory tree, exits the directory tree and
|
|
|
-changes to this directory in the current panel. In the
|
|
|
-tree view, changes to this directory in the other panel
|
|
|
-and stays in tree view mode in the current panel.
|
|
|
-<tag/C-r, F2 (Rescan)/ Rescan this directory. Use this when the
|
|
|
-tree figure is out of date: it is missing subdirectories
|
|
|
-or shows some subdirectories which don't exist any more.
|
|
|
-<tag/F3 (Forget)/ Delete this directory from the tree figure.
|
|
|
-Use this to remove clutter from the figure. If you want
|
|
|
-the directory back to the tree figure press <tt/F2/ in its
|
|
|
-parent directory.
|
|
|
-<tag>F4 (Static/Dynamic)</tag> Toggle between the dynamic navigation
|
|
|
-mode (default) and the static navigation mode.
|
|
|
-In the static navigation mode you can use the Up and Down
|
|
|
-keys to select a directory. All known directories are
|
|
|
-shown.
|
|
|
-In the dynamic navigation mode you can use the Up and Down
|
|
|
-keys to select a sibling directory, the Left key to move
|
|
|
-to the parent directory, and the Right key to move to a
|
|
|
-child directory. Only the parent, sibling and children
|
|
|
-directories are shown, others are left out. The tree
|
|
|
-figure changes dynamically as you traverse.
|
|
|
-<tag/F5 (Copy)/ Copy the directory.
|
|
|
-<tag/F6 (RenMov)/ Move the directory.
|
|
|
-<tag/F7 (Mkdir)/ Make a new directory below this directory.
|
|
|
-<tag/F8 (Delete)/ Delete this directory from the file system.
|
|
|
-<tag/C-s, M-s/ Search the next directory matching the search
|
|
|
-string. If there is no such directory these keys will move
|
|
|
-one line down.
|
|
|
-<tag/C-h, Backspace/ Delete the last character of the search
|
|
|
-string.
|
|
|
-<tag/Any other character/ Add the character to the search
|
|
|
-string and move to the next directory which starts with
|
|
|
-these characters. In the tree view you must first activate
|
|
|
-the search mode by pressing <tt/C-s/. The search string is
|
|
|
-shown in the mini status line.
|
|
|
-</descrip>
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-The following actions are available only in the directory
|
|
|
-tree. They aren't supported in the tree view.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<descrip>
|
|
|
-<tag/F1 (Help)/ Invoke the help viewer and show this section.
|
|
|
-<tag/Esc, F10/ Exit the directory tree. Do not change the
|
|
|
-directory.
|
|
|
-</descrip>
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-The mouse is supported. A double-click behaves like <tt/Enter/.
|
|
|
-See also the section on <ref name="mouse support" id="Mouse Support">.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<sect2>Find File<label id="Find File">
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<p>
|
|
|
-The Find File feature first asks for the start directory
|
|
|
-for the search and the filename to be searched for. By
|
|
|
-pressing the Tree button you can select the start
|
|
|
-directory from the <ref name="directory tree" id="Directory Tree"> figure.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-The contents field accepts regular expressions similar to egrep(1). That
|
|
|
-means you have to escape characters with a special meaning to egrep with
|
|
|
-<tt/\/, e.g. if you search for <tt/strcmp (/ you will have to input
|
|
|
-<tt/strcmp \(/ (without the double quotes).
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-You can start the search by pressing the Ok button. During the search you
|
|
|
-can stop from the Stop button and continue from the Start button.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-You can browse the filelist with the up and down arrow
|
|
|
-keys. The <em/Chdir/ button will change to the directory of the
|
|
|
-currently selected file. The <em/Again/ button will ask for the
|
|
|
-parameters for a new search. The <em/Quit/ button quits the
|
|
|
-search operation. The <em/Panelize/ button will place the found
|
|
|
-files to the current directory panel so that you can do
|
|
|
-additional operations on them (view, copy, move, delete
|
|
|
-and so on). After panelizing you can press <tt/C-r/ to return
|
|
|
-to the normal file listing.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-It is possible to have a list of directories that the Find File
|
|
|
-command should skip during the search (for example, you may want to
|
|
|
-avoid searches on a CDROM or on a NFS directory that is mounted across
|
|
|
-a slow link).
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-Directories to be skipped should be set on the variable
|
|
|
-<tt/find_ignore_dirs/ in the <tt/Misc/ section of your <tt>˜/.mc/ini</tt> file.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-Directory components should be separated with a colon, here is an
|
|
|
-example:
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<tscreen><verb>
|
|
|
-[Misc]
|
|
|
-find_ignore_dirs=/cdrom:/nfs/wuarchive:/afs
|
|
|
-</verb></tscreen>
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-You may consider using the <ref name="External panelize" id="External panelize"> command
|
|
|
-instead. <bf/Find file command/ is for simple queries only,
|
|
|
-while using <bf/External panelize/ you can do as mysterious
|
|
|
-searches as you would like.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<sect2>External panelize<label id="External panelize">
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<p>
|
|
|
-The External panelize allows you to execute an external
|
|
|
-program, and make the output of that program the contents
|
|
|
-of the current panel.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-For example, if you want to manipulate in one of the
|
|
|
-panels all the symbolic links in the current directory,
|
|
|
-you can use external panelization to run the following
|
|
|
-command:
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<tscreen><verb>
|
|
|
-find . -type l -print
|
|
|
-</verb></tscreen>
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-Upon command completion, the directory contents of the
|
|
|
-panel will no longer be the directory listing of the
|
|
|
-current directory, but all the files that are symbolic
|
|
|
-links.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-If you want to panelize all of the files that have been
|
|
|
-downloaded from your ftp server, you can use this awk
|
|
|
-command to extract the file name from the transfer log
|
|
|
-files:
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<tscreen><verb>
|
|
|
-awk '$9 ~! /incoming/ { print $9 }' < /usr/adm/xferlog
|
|
|
-</verb></tscreen>
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-You may want to save often used panelize commands under a
|
|
|
-descriptive name, so that you can recall them quickly. You
|
|
|
-do this by typing the command on the input line and
|
|
|
-pressing Add new button. Then you enter a name under which
|
|
|
-you want the command to be saved. Next time, you just
|
|
|
-choose that command from the list and do not have to type
|
|
|
-it again.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<sect2>Hotlist<label id="Hotlist">
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<p>
|
|
|
-The Directory hotlist command shows the labels of the
|
|
|
-directories in the directory hotlist. The Midnight
|
|
|
-Commander will change to the directory corresponding to
|
|
|
-the selected label. From the hotlist dialog, you can
|
|
|
-remove already created label/directory pairs and add new
|
|
|
-one. For adding you may want to use a standalone Add to
|
|
|
-hotlist command (<tt/C-x h/), which adds the current directory
|
|
|
-into the directory hotlist, as well. The user is prompted
|
|
|
-for a label for the directory.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-This makes cd to often used directories faster. You may also
|
|
|
-consider using the <tt/CDPATH/ variable as described in
|
|
|
-<ref name="internal cd command" id="The cd internal command"> description.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<sect2>Extension File Edit<label id="Extension File Edit">
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<p>
|
|
|
-This will invoke your editor on the file <tt>˜/.mc/ext</tt>. The
|
|
|
-format of this file is as follows (the format has changed
|
|
|
-with version 3.0):
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-All lines starting with <tt/#/ or empty lines are thrown away.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-Lines starting in the first column should have following
|
|
|
-format:
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<tt>keyword/descNL</tt>, i.e. everything after <tt>keyword/</tt> until new
|
|
|
-line is <tt/desc/
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<tt/keyword/ can be:
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<em/shell/ (desc is then any extension (no wildcards), i.e.
|
|
|
-matches all the files *desc. Example: .tar matches *.tar)
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<em/regex/ (desc is a regular expression)
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<em/type/ (file matches this if `file %f` matches regular
|
|
|
-expression desc (the filename: part from `file %f` is removed))
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<em/default/ (matches any file no matter what desc is)
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-Other lines should start with a space or tab and should be
|
|
|
-of the format:
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<tt/keyword=commandNL/ (with no spaces around =), where <tt/keyword/
|
|
|
-should be:
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<em/Open/ (if the user presses Enter or doubleclicks it), <em/View/
|
|
|
-(F3), <em/Edit/ (F4), <em/Drop/ (user drops some files on it) or any
|
|
|
-other user defined name (those will be listed in the
|
|
|
-extension dependent pop-up menu). <em/Icon/ name is reserved
|
|
|
-for future use by mc.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<tt/command/ is any one-line shell command, with the simple
|
|
|
-<ref name="macro substitution" id="Macro Substitution">.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-Target are evaluated from top to bottom (order is thus
|
|
|
-important). If some actions are missing, search continues
|
|
|
-as if this target didn't match (i.e. if a file matches the
|
|
|
-first and second entry and View action is missing in the
|
|
|
-first one, then on pressing F3 the View action from the
|
|
|
-second entry will be used. default should catch all the
|
|
|
-actions.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<sect2>Background jobs<label id="Background jobs">
|
|
|
-This lets you control the state of any background Midnight Commander
|
|
|
-process (only copy and move files operations can be done in the
|
|
|
-background). You can stop, restart and kill a background job from
|
|
|
-here.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<sect2>Menu File Edit<label id="Menu File Edit">
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<p>
|
|
|
-The user menu is a menu of useful actions that can be
|
|
|
-customized by the user. When you access the user menu, the
|
|
|
-file <tt>.mc.menu</tt> from the current directory is used if it exists,
|
|
|
-but only if it is owned by user or root and is not world-writable.
|
|
|
-If no such file found, <tt>˜/.mc/menu</tt> is tried in the same way,
|
|
|
-and otherwise mc
|
|
|
-uses the default system-wide menu <tt>@prefix@/lib/mc/mc.menu</tt>.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-The format of the menu file is very simple. Lines that
|
|
|
-start with anything but space or tab are considered
|
|
|
-entries for the menu (in order to be able to use it like a
|
|
|
-hot key, the first character should be a letter). All the
|
|
|
-lines that start with a space or a tab are the commands
|
|
|
-that will be executed when the entry is selected.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-When an option is selected all the command lines of the
|
|
|
-option are copied to a temporary file in the temporary
|
|
|
-directory (usually <tt>/usr/tmp</tt>) and then that file is
|
|
|
-executed. This allows the user to put normal shell
|
|
|
-constructs in the menus. Also simple macro substitution
|
|
|
-takes place before executing the menu code. For more
|
|
|
-information, see <ref name="macro substitution" id="Macro Substitution">.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-Here is a sample mc.menu file:
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<tscreen><verb>
|
|
|
-A Dump the currently selected file
|
|
|
- od -c %f
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-B Edit a bug report and send it to root
|
|
|
- vi /tmp/mail.$$
|
|
|
- mail -s "Midnight Commander bug" root < /tmp/mail.$$
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-M Read mail
|
|
|
- emacs -f rmail
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-N Read Usenet news
|
|
|
- emacs -f gnus
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-H Call the info hypertext browser
|
|
|
- info
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-J Copy current directory to other panel recursively
|
|
|
- tar cf - . | (cd %D && tar xvpf -)
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-K Make a release of the current subdirectory
|
|
|
- echo -n "Name of distribution file: "
|
|
|
- read tar
|
|
|
- ln -s %d `dirname %d`/$tar
|
|
|
- cd ..
|
|
|
- tar cvhf ${tar}.tar $tar
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-= f *.tar.gz | f *.tgz & t n
|
|
|
-X Extract the contents of a compressed tar file
|
|
|
- tar xzvf %f
|
|
|
-</verb></tscreen>
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<bf/Default Conditions/
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-Each menu entry may be preceded by a condition. The
|
|
|
-condition must start from the first column with a <tt/=/
|
|
|
-character. If the condition is true, the menu entry will
|
|
|
-be the default entry.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<tscreen><verb>
|
|
|
-Condition syntax:
|
|
|
- <cond> = <sub-cond>
|
|
|
- or: = <cond> | <cond> ...
|
|
|
- or: = <cond> & <cond> ...
|
|
|
-</verb></tscreen>
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-Sub-condition is one of following:
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<tscreen><verb>
|
|
|
-y <pattern> syntax of current file matching pattern?
|
|
|
- for edit menu only.
|
|
|
-f <pattern> current file matching pattern
|
|
|
-F <pattern> other file matching pattern
|
|
|
-d <pattern> current directory matching pattern
|
|
|
-D <pattern> other directory matching pattern
|
|
|
-t <type> current file of type
|
|
|
-T <type> other file of type
|
|
|
-x <filename> is it executable filename
|
|
|
-! <sub-cond> negate the result of sub-condition
|
|
|
-</verb></tscreen>
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-Pattern is a normal shell pattern or a regular expression,
|
|
|
-according to the shell patterns option. You can override
|
|
|
-the global value of the shell patterns option by writing
|
|
|
-<tt/shell_patterns=x/ on the first line of the menu file
|
|
|
-(where <tt/x/ is either 0 or 1).
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-Type is one or more of the following characters:
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<itemize>
|
|
|
-<item><tt/n/ not directory
|
|
|
-<item><tt/r/ regular file
|
|
|
-<item><tt/d/ directory
|
|
|
-<item><tt/l/ link
|
|
|
-<item><tt/c/ char special
|
|
|
-<item><tt/b/ block special
|
|
|
-<item><tt/f/ fifo
|
|
|
-<item><tt/s/ socket
|
|
|
-<item><tt/x/ executable
|
|
|
-<item><tt/t/ tagged
|
|
|
-</itemize>
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-For example <tt/rlf/ means either regular file, link or fifo.
|
|
|
-The <tt/t/ type is a little special because it acts on the
|
|
|
-panel instead of the file. The condition <tt/=t t/ is true if
|
|
|
-there are tagged files in the current panel and false if
|
|
|
-not.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-If the condition starts with <tt/=?/ instead of <tt/=/ a debug
|
|
|
-trace will be shown whenever the value of the condition is
|
|
|
-calculated.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-The conditions are calculated from left to right. This
|
|
|
-means
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<tscreen><verb>
|
|
|
- = f *.tar.gz | f *.tgz & t n
|
|
|
-</verb></tscreen>
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-is calculated as
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<tscreen><verb>
|
|
|
- ( (f *.tar.gz) | (f *.tgz) ) & (t n)
|
|
|
-</verb></tscreen>
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-Here is a sample of the use of conditions:
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<tscreen><verb>
|
|
|
-= f *.tar.gz | f *.tgz & t n
|
|
|
-L List the contents of a compressed tar-archive
|
|
|
- gzip -cd %f | tar xvf -
|
|
|
-</verb></tscreen>
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<bf/Addition Conditions/
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-If the condition begins with <tt/+/ (or <tt/+?/) instead of <tt/=/
|
|
|
-(or <tt/=?/) it is an addition condition. If the condition is
|
|
|
-true the menu entry will be included in the menu. If the
|
|
|
-condition is false the menu entry will not be included in
|
|
|
-the menu.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-You can combine default and addition conditions by
|
|
|
-starting condition with <tt/+=/ or <tt/=+/ (or <tt/+=?/ or <tt/=+?/ if
|
|
|
-you want debug trace). If you want to use two different
|
|
|
-conditions, one for adding and another for defaulting, you
|
|
|
-can precede a menu entry with two condition lines, one
|
|
|
-starting with <tt/+/ and another starting with <tt/=/.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-Comments are started with <tt/#/. The additional comment
|
|
|
-lines must start with <tt/#/, space or tab.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<sect1>Options Menu<label id="Options Menu">
|
|
|
-<p>
|
|
|
-The Midnight Commander has some options that may be toggled on and
|
|
|
-off in several dialogs which are accessible from this menu. Options
|
|
|
-are enabled if they have an asterisk or <tt/x/ in front of them.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<p>
|
|
|
-The <ref name="Configuration" id="Configuration"> command pops up a dialog from which you
|
|
|
-can change most of settings of the Midnight Commander.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-The <ref name="Display bits" id="Display bits"> command pops up a dialog from which you
|
|
|
-may select which characters is your terminal able to
|
|
|
-display.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-The <ref name="Confirmation" id="Confirmation"> command pops up a dialog from which you
|
|
|
-specify which actions you want to confirm.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-The <ref name="Learn keys" id="Learn keys"> command pops up a dialog from which you
|
|
|
-test some keys which are not working on some terminals and
|
|
|
-you may fix them.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-The <ref name="Virtual FS" id="Virtual FS"> command pops up a dialog from which you
|
|
|
-specify some VFS related options.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-The <ref name="Layout" id="Layout"> command pops up a dialog from which you specify
|
|
|
-a bunch of options how mc looks like on the screen.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-The <ref name="Save setup" id="Save Setup"> command saves the current settings of the
|
|
|
-Left, Right and Options menus. A small number of other
|
|
|
-settings is saved, too.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<sect2>Configuration<label id="Configuration">
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<p>
|
|
|
-The options in this dialog are divided into three groups: Panel Options
|
|
|
-Pause after run and Other Options.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<bf/Panel Options/
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<descrip>
|
|
|
-<tag/Show Backup Files/ By default the Midnight Commander
|
|
|
-doesn't show files ending in <tt/˜/ (like GNU's <tt/ls/ option
|
|
|
-<tt/-B/).
|
|
|
-<tag/Show Hidden Files/ By default the Midnight Commander will
|
|
|
-show all files that start with a dot (like <tt/ls -a/).
|
|
|
-<tag/Mark moves down/ By default when you mark a file (with
|
|
|
-either <tt/C-t/ or the Insert key) the selection bar will move
|
|
|
-down.
|
|
|
-<tag/Drop down menus/ When this option is enabled, when you press the <tt/F9/
|
|
|
-key, the pull down menus will be activated, else, you will
|
|
|
-only be presented with the menu title, and you will have
|
|
|
-to select the entry with the arrow keys or the first
|
|
|
-letter and from there select your option in the menu.
|
|
|
-<tag/Mix all files/ When this option is enabled, all files and
|
|
|
-directories are shown mixed together. If the option is
|
|
|
-off, directories (and links to directories) are shown at
|
|
|
-the beginning of the listing, and other files afterwards.
|
|
|
-<tag/Fast directory reload/ This option is off by default. If
|
|
|
-you activate the fast reload, the Midnight Commander will
|
|
|
-use a trick to determine if the directory contents have
|
|
|
-changed. The trick is to reload the directory only if the
|
|
|
-i-node of the directory has changed; this means that
|
|
|
-reloads only happen when files are created or deleted. If
|
|
|
-what changes is the i-node for a file in the directory
|
|
|
-(file size changes, mode or owner changes, etc) the
|
|
|
-display is not updated. In these cases, if you have the
|
|
|
-option on, you have to rescan the directory manually (with
|
|
|
-<tt/C-r/).
|
|
|
-</descrip>
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<bf/Pause after run/
|
|
|
-<descrip>
|
|
|
-After executing your commands, the
|
|
|
-Midnight Commander can pause, so that you can examine the
|
|
|
-output of the command. There are three possible settings
|
|
|
-for this variable: <em/Never/ Means that you do not want to see
|
|
|
-the output of your command. If you are using the Linux
|
|
|
-console or an xterm, you will be able to see the output of
|
|
|
-the command by typing <tt/C-o/. <em/"On dumb terminals"/ You will
|
|
|
-get the pause message on terminals that are not capable of
|
|
|
-showing the output of the last command executed (any
|
|
|
-terminal that is not an <bf/xterm/ or the Linux console).
|
|
|
-<em/Always/ The program will pause after executing all of your
|
|
|
-commands.
|
|
|
-</descrip>
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<bf/Other Options/
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<descrip>
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<tag/Verbose operation/ This toggles whether the file Copy,
|
|
|
-Rename and Delete operations are verbose (i.e. display a
|
|
|
-dialog box for each operation). If you have a slow
|
|
|
-terminal, you may wish to disable the verbose operation.
|
|
|
-It is automatically turned off if the speed of your
|
|
|
-terminal is less than 9600 bps.
|
|
|
-<tag/Compute totals/ If this option is enabled, the Midnight
|
|
|
-Commander computes total byte sizes and total number of files
|
|
|
-prior to any Copy, Rename and Delete operations. This will
|
|
|
-provide you with a more accurate progress bar at the expense
|
|
|
-of some speed. This option has no effect, if <em/Verbose operation/
|
|
|
-is disabled.
|
|
|
-<tag/Shell Patterns/ By default the Select, Unselect and Filter
|
|
|
-commands will use shell-like regular expressions. The
|
|
|
-following conversions are performed to achieve this: the
|
|
|
-<tt/*/ is replaced by <tt/.*/ (zero or more characters); the <tt/?/
|
|
|
-is replaced by <tt/./ (exactly one character) and <tt/./ by the
|
|
|
-literal dot. If the option is disabled, then the regular
|
|
|
-expressions are the ones described in <bf/ed(1)/.
|
|
|
-<tag/Auto Save Setup/ If this option is enabled, when you exit
|
|
|
-the Midnight Commander the configurable options of the
|
|
|
-Midnight Commander are saved in the <tt>˜/.mc/ini</tt> file.
|
|
|
-<tag/Auto menus/ If this option is enabled, the user menu will
|
|
|
-be invoked at startup. Useful for building menus for
|
|
|
-non-unixers.
|
|
|
-<tag/Use internal editor/ If this option is enabled, the
|
|
|
-built-in file editor is used to edit files. If the option
|
|
|
-is disabled, the editor specified in the <tt/EDITOR/ environment
|
|
|
-variable is used. If no editor is specified, <bf/vi/
|
|
|
-is used. See the section on the <ref name="internal file
|
|
|
-editor" id="Internal File Editor">.
|
|
|
-<tag/Use internal viewer/ If this option is enabled, the
|
|
|
-built-in file viewer is used to view files. If the option
|
|
|
-is disabled, the pager specified in the <tt/PAGER/ environment
|
|
|
-variable is used. If no pager is specified, the <bf/view/
|
|
|
-command is used. See the section on the <ref name="internal file
|
|
|
-viewer" id="Internal File Viewer">.
|
|
|
-<tag/Complete: show all/ By default the Midnight Commander
|
|
|
-pops up all possible <ref name="completions" id="Completion"> if the completion is
|
|
|
-ambiguous if you press <tt/M-Tab/ for the second time, for the
|
|
|
-first time it just completes as much as possible and in
|
|
|
-the case of ambiguity beeps. If you want to see all the
|
|
|
-possible completions already after the first <tt/M-Tab/
|
|
|
-pressing, enable this option.
|
|
|
-<tag/Rotating dash/ If this option is enabled, the
|
|
|
-Midnight Commander shows a rotating dash in the upper right corner
|
|
|
-as a work in progress indicator.
|
|
|
-<tag/Lynx-like motion/ If this option is enabled,
|
|
|
-you may use the arrows keys to automatically chdir if the
|
|
|
-current selection is a subdirectory and the shell command
|
|
|
-line is empty. By default, this setting is off.
|
|
|
-<tag/Advanced chown/ If this option is enabled, the
|
|
|
-<ref name="Advanced Chown" id="Advanced Chown">
|
|
|
-command will be invoked if you run the
|
|
|
-<ref name="Chmod" id="Chmod"> or <ref name="Chown" id="Chown"> command.
|
|
|
-<tag/Cd follows links/ This option, if set, causes the Midnight
|
|
|
-Commander to follow the logical chain of directories when
|
|
|
-changing current directory either in the panels, or using
|
|
|
-the cd command. This is the default behavior of bash.
|
|
|
-When unset, the Midnight Commander follows the real
|
|
|
-directory structure, so <tt/cd ../ if you've entered that
|
|
|
-directory through a link will move you to the current
|
|
|
-directory's real parent and not to the directory where the
|
|
|
-link was present.
|
|
|
-<tag/Safe delete/ If this option is enabled, deleting files
|
|
|
-unintentionally will get more difficult. The default
|
|
|
-selection in the confirmation dialog changes from the "Yes"
|
|
|
-to the "No" button and deletion of non empty directories has to be
|
|
|
-confirmed by entering the word <em/yes/. By default this
|
|
|
-option is disabled.
|
|
|
-</descrip>
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<sect2>Display bits<label id="Display bits">
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<p>
|
|
|
-This is used to configure the range of visible characters
|
|
|
-on the screen. This setting may be 7-bits if your
|
|
|
-terminal/curses supports only seven output bits,
|
|
|
-ISO-8859-1 displays all the characters in the ISO-8859-1
|
|
|
-map and full 8 bits is for those terminals that can
|
|
|
-display full 8 bit characters.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<sect2>Confirmation<label id="Confirmation">
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<p>
|
|
|
-In this menu you configure the confirmation options for
|
|
|
-file deletion, overwriting, execution by pressing enter
|
|
|
-and quitting the program.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<sect2>Learn keys<label id="Learn keys">
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<p>
|
|
|
-This dialog lets you test if your keys F1-F20, Home, End,
|
|
|
-etc. work properly on your terminal. They often don't,
|
|
|
-since many terminal databases are broken.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-You can move around with the <bf/Tab/ key, with the <tt/vi/ moving
|
|
|
-keys (<tt/h/ left, <tt/j/ down, <tt/k/ up and <tt/l/ right) and after
|
|
|
-you press any arrow key once (this will mark it OK), then
|
|
|
-you can use that key as well.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-You test them just by pressing each of them. As soon as
|
|
|
-you press a key and the key works properly, OK should
|
|
|
-appear next to the name of that key. Once a key is marked
|
|
|
-OK it starts to work as usually, e.g. F1 for the first
|
|
|
-time will just check that F1 works OK, but from that time
|
|
|
-on it will show help. The same applies to the arrow keys.
|
|
|
-Tab key should be working always.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-If some keys do not work properly, then you won't see OK
|
|
|
-after the key name after you have pressed that key. You
|
|
|
-may then want to fix it. You do it by pressing the button
|
|
|
-of that key (either by mouse or using Tab and Enter). Then
|
|
|
-a red message will appear and you will be asked to type
|
|
|
-that key. If you want to abort this, press just Esc and
|
|
|
-wait until the message disappears. Otherwise type the key
|
|
|
-you're asked to type and also wait until the dialog
|
|
|
-disappears.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-When you finish with all the keys, you may want either to
|
|
|
-Save your key fixes into your <tt>˜/.mc/ini</tt> file into the
|
|
|
-[terminal:TERM] section (where <tt/TERM/ is the name of your
|
|
|
-current terminal) or to discard them. If all your keys
|
|
|
-were working properly and you had not to fix any key, then
|
|
|
-(of course) no saving will occur.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<sect2>Virtual FS<label id="Virtual FS">
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<p>
|
|
|
-This option gives you control over the settings of the
|
|
|
-<ref name="Virtual File System" id="Virtual File System"> information cache.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-The Midnight Commander keeps in memory the information
|
|
|
-related to some of the virtual file systems to speed up
|
|
|
-the access to the files in the file system (for example,
|
|
|
-directory listings fetched from ftp servers).
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-Moreover in order to access the contents of compressed files
|
|
|
-(for example, compressed tar files) the Midnight Commander
|
|
|
-has to create a temporary uncompressed file on your disk.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-Since both the information in memory and the temporary files on
|
|
|
-disk take up resources, you may want to tune the parameters of
|
|
|
-the cached information to decrease your resource usage or to maximize
|
|
|
-the speed of access to frequently used file systems.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-The Tar file system is quite clever about how it handles
|
|
|
-tar files: it just loads the directory entries and when it
|
|
|
-needs to use the information contained in the tar file, it
|
|
|
-goes and grab it.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-In the wild, tar files are usually kept compressed (plain
|
|
|
-tar files are species in extinction), and because of the
|
|
|
-nature of those files (the directory entries for the tar
|
|
|
-files is not there waiting for us to be loaded), the tar
|
|
|
-file system has to uncompress the file
|
|
|
-on the disk in a temporary location and then access the
|
|
|
-uncompressed file as a regular tar file.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-Now, since we all love to browse files and tar files all
|
|
|
-over the disk, it's common that you will leave a tar file
|
|
|
-and the re-enter it later. Since uncompression is slow,
|
|
|
-the Midnight Commander will cache the information in
|
|
|
-memory for a limited amount of time, after you hit the
|
|
|
-timeout, all of the resources associated with the
|
|
|
-file system will be freed. The default timeout is set to
|
|
|
-one minute.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-The <ref name ="FTP File System" id="FTP File System">
|
|
|
-keeps the directory listing it fetches from a ftp server
|
|
|
-in a cache. The cache
|
|
|
-expire time is configurable with the option
|
|
|
-<em/ftpfs directory cache timeout/. A low value for this
|
|
|
-option may slow down every operation on the ftp file System
|
|
|
-because every operation is accompanied by a query of the
|
|
|
-ftp server.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-Moreover you can define a proxy host for doing ftp transfers
|
|
|
-and configure the Midnight Commander to always use the proxy host. See
|
|
|
-the section on <ref name ="FTP File System" id="FTP File System">
|
|
|
-for more information.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<sect2>Layout<label id="Layout">
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<p>
|
|
|
-The layout dialog gives you a possibility to change the
|
|
|
-general layout of screen. You can specify whether the
|
|
|
-menubar, the command prompt, the hintbar and the function
|
|
|
-keybar are visible. On the Linux or SCO console you can specify
|
|
|
-how many lines are shown in the output window.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-The rest of the screen area is used for the two directory
|
|
|
-panels. You can specify whether the area is split to the
|
|
|
-panels in vertical or horizontal direction. The split can
|
|
|
-be equal or you can specify an unequal split.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-By default all contents of the directory panels are displayed with
|
|
|
-the same color, but you can specify whether <em/permissions/ and
|
|
|
-<em/file types/ are highlighted with special <ref name="Colors" id="Colors">.
|
|
|
-If permission highlighting is enabled, the parts of the <em/perm/
|
|
|
-and <em/mode/ <ref name="display fields" id="Listing Mode...">
|
|
|
-which are valid for the user running Midnight Commander
|
|
|
-are highlighted with the color defined with the <em/selected/
|
|
|
-keyword.
|
|
|
-If file type highlighting is enabled, files are colored according
|
|
|
-to their file type (e.g. directory, core file, executable, ...).
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-If the <em/Show Mini-Status/ option is enabled, one line of status
|
|
|
-information about the currently selected item is showed at the bottom
|
|
|
-of the panels.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<sect2>Save Setup<label id="Save Setup">
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<p>
|
|
|
-At startup the Midnight Commander will try to load
|
|
|
-initialization information from the <tt>˜/.mc/ini</tt> file. If
|
|
|
-this file doesn't exist, it will load the information from
|
|
|
-the system-wide configuration file, located in
|
|
|
-@prefix@/lib/mc/mc.ini. If the system-wide configuration
|
|
|
-file doesn't exist, MC uses the default settings.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-The <em/Save Setup/ command creates the <tt>˜/.mc/ini</tt> file by
|
|
|
-saving the current settings of the <ref name="Left, Right" id="Left and Right Menus"> and
|
|
|
-<ref name="Options" id="Options Menu"> menus.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-If you activate the <em/auto save setup/ option, MC will always
|
|
|
-save the current settings when exiting.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-There also exist settings which can't be changed from the
|
|
|
-menus. To change these settings you have to edit the setup
|
|
|
-file with your favorite editor. See the section on <ref name="Special
|
|
|
-Settings" id="Special Settings"> for more information.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<sect>Executing operating system commands<label id="Executing operating system commands">
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<p>
|
|
|
-You may execute commands by typing them directly in the
|
|
|
-Midnight Commander's input line, or by selecting the
|
|
|
-program you want to execute with the selection bar in one
|
|
|
-of the panels and hitting <tt/Enter/.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-If you press Enter over a file that is not executable, the
|
|
|
-Midnight Commander checks the extension of the selected
|
|
|
-file against the extensions in the <ref name="Extensions File" id="Extension File Edit">. If a
|
|
|
-match is found then the code associated with that
|
|
|
-extension is executed. A very simple <ref name="macro expansion" id="Macro Substitution">
|
|
|
-takes place before executing the command.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<sect1>The cd internal command<label id="The cd internal command">
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<p>
|
|
|
-The <em/cd/ command is interpreted by the Midnight Commander,
|
|
|
-it is not passed to the command shell for execution. Thus
|
|
|
-it may not handle all of the nice macro expansion and
|
|
|
-substitution that your shell does, although it does some of
|
|
|
-them:
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<em/Tilde substitution/ The tilde (<tt/˜/) will be substituted with your
|
|
|
-home directory, if you append a username after the tilde,
|
|
|
-then it will be substituted with the login directory of
|
|
|
-the the specified user.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-For example, <tt>˜guest</tt> is the home directory for the user
|
|
|
-guest, while <tt>˜/guest</tt> is the directory guest in your home
|
|
|
-directory.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<em/Previous directory/ You can jump to the directory you were
|
|
|
-previously by using the special directory name <tt/-/ like
|
|
|
-this: <tt/cd -/
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<em/CDPATH directories/ If the directory specified to the <tt/cd/
|
|
|
-command is not in the current directory, then The Midnight
|
|
|
-Commander uses the value in the environment variable
|
|
|
-<tt/CDPATH/ to search for the directory in any of the named
|
|
|
-directories.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-For example you could set your <tt/CDPATH/ variable to
|
|
|
-<tt>˜/src:/usr/src</tt>, allowing you to change your directory to
|
|
|
-any of the directories inside the <tt>˜/src</tt> and <tt>/usr/src</tt>
|
|
|
-directories, from any place in the file system by using
|
|
|
-it's relative name (for example cd linux could take you to
|
|
|
-<tt>/usr/src/linux</tt>).
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<sect1>Macro Substitution<label id="Macro Substitution">
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<p>
|
|
|
-When accessing a <ref name="user menu" id="Menu File Edit"> or executing an
|
|
|
-<ref name="extension dependent command" id="Extension File Edit">
|
|
|
-or running a command from the command
|
|
|
-line input, a simple macro substitution takes place.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-The macros are:
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<descrip>
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<tag/%i/ The indent of blank space, equal the cursor column
|
|
|
-position. For edit menu only.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<tag/%y/ The syntax type of current file. For edit menu only.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<tag/%k/ The block file name.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<tag/%e/ The error file name.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<tag/%m/ The current menu name.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<tag/%f/ The current file name.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<tag/%n/ Only the current file name without extension.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<tag/%x/ The extension of current file name.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<tag/%d/ The current directory name.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<tag/%F/ The current file in the unselected panel.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<tag/%D/ The directory name of the unselected panel.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<tag/%t/ The currently tagged files.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<tag/%T/ The tagged files in the unselected panel.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<tag/%u and %U/ Similar to the <tt/%t/ and <tt/%T/ macros, but in
|
|
|
-addition the files are untagged. You can use this macro
|
|
|
-only once per menu file entry or extension file entry,
|
|
|
-because next time there will be no tagged files.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<tag/%s and %S/ The selected files: The tagged files if
|
|
|
-there are any. Otherwise the current file.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<tag/%q/ Dropped files. In all places except in the Drop
|
|
|
-action of the <ref name="mc.ext file" id="Extension File Edit">, this will become a null
|
|
|
-string, in the Drop action it will be replaced with a
|
|
|
-space separated list of files that were dropped on the
|
|
|
-file.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<tag/%cd/ This is a special macro that is used to change the
|
|
|
-current directory to the directory specified in front of
|
|
|
-it. This is used primarily as an interface to the <ref name="Virtual
|
|
|
-File System" id="Virtual File System">.
|
|
|
-Possible to use only in mc.ext .
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<tag/%view/ This macro is used to invoke the internal viewer.
|
|
|
-This macro can be used alone, or with arguments. If you
|
|
|
-pass any arguments to this macro, they should be enclosed
|
|
|
-in brackets. The arguments are: <em/ascii/ to force the viewer
|
|
|
-into ascii mode; <em/hex/ to force the viewer into hex mode;
|
|
|
-<em/nroff/ to tell the viewer that it should interpret the bold
|
|
|
-and underline sequences of nroff; <em/unformatted/ to tell the
|
|
|
-viewer to not interpret nroff commands for making the text
|
|
|
-bold or underlined.
|
|
|
-Possible to use only in mc.ext .
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<tag/%%/ The <tt/%/ character
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<tag/%{some text}/ Prompt for the substitution. An input box
|
|
|
-is shown and the text inside the braces is used as a
|
|
|
-prompt. The macro is substituted by the text typed by the
|
|
|
-user. The user can press ESC or F10 to cancel. This macro
|
|
|
-doesn't work on the command line yet.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-</descrip>
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<sect1>The subshell support<label id="The subshell support">
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<p>
|
|
|
-The subshell support is a compile time option, that works
|
|
|
-with the shells: <tt/bash/, <tt/tcsh/ and <tt/zsh/.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-When the subshell code is activated the Midnight Commander
|
|
|
-will spawn a concurrent copy of your shell (the one
|
|
|
-defined in the <tt/SHELL/ variable and if it is not defined,
|
|
|
-then the one in the /etc/passwd file) and run it in a
|
|
|
-pseudo terminal, instead of invoking a new shell each time
|
|
|
-you execute a command, the command will be passed to the
|
|
|
-subshell as if you had typed it. This also allows you to
|
|
|
-change the environment variables, use shell functions and
|
|
|
-define aliases that are valid until you quit the Midnight
|
|
|
-Commander.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-If you are using <tt/bash/ you can specify startup
|
|
|
-commands for the subshell in your <tt>˜/.mc/bashrc</tt> file and
|
|
|
-special keyboard maps in the <tt>˜/.mc/inputrc</tt> file.
|
|
|
-<tt/tcsh/ users may specify startup commands in the
|
|
|
-<tt>˜/.mc/tcshrc</tt> file.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-When the subshell code is used, you can suspend
|
|
|
-applications at any time with the sequence C-o and jump
|
|
|
-back to the Midnight Commander, if you interrupt an
|
|
|
-application, you will not be able to run other external
|
|
|
-commands until you quit the application you interrupted.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-An extra added feature of using the subshell is that the
|
|
|
-prompt displayed by the Midnight Commander is the same
|
|
|
-prompt that you are currently using in your shell.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-The <ref name="Options" id="Options"> section has more
|
|
|
-information on how you can control the subshell code.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<sect1>Controlling Midnight Commander<label id="Controlling Midnight Commander">
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<p>
|
|
|
-The Midnight Commander defines an environment variable
|
|
|
-<tt/MC_CONTROL_FILE/. The commands executed by MC may give
|
|
|
-instructions to MC by writing to the file specified by
|
|
|
-this variable. This is only available if you compiled your
|
|
|
-copy of the Midnight Commander with the <tt/WANT_PARSE/ option.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-The following instructions are supported.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<descrip>
|
|
|
-<tag/clear_tags/ Clear all tags.
|
|
|
-<tag/tag <filename>/ Tag specified file.
|
|
|
-<tag/untag <filename>/ Untag specified file.
|
|
|
-<tag/select <filename>/ Move pointer to file.
|
|
|
-<tag/change_panel/ Switch between panels.
|
|
|
-<tag/cd <path>/ Change directory.
|
|
|
-</descrip>
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-If the first letter of the instruction is in lower case it
|
|
|
-operates on the current panel. If the letter is in upper
|
|
|
-case the instruction operates on the other panel. The
|
|
|
-additional letters must be in lower case. Instructions
|
|
|
-must be separated by exactly one space, tab or newline.
|
|
|
-The instructions don't work in the Info, Tree and Quick
|
|
|
-views. The first error causes the rest to be ignored.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<sect>Chmod<label id="Chmod">
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<p>
|
|
|
-The Chmod window is used to change the attribute bits in a
|
|
|
-group of files and directories. It can be invoked with the
|
|
|
-<tt/C-x c/ key combination.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-The Chmod window has two parts - <em/Permissions/ and <em/File/.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-In the File section are displayed the name of the file or
|
|
|
-directory and its permissions in octal form, as well as
|
|
|
-its owner and group.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-In the Permissions section there is a set of check buttons
|
|
|
-which correspond to the file attribute bits. As you change
|
|
|
-the attribute bits, you can see the octal value change in
|
|
|
-the File section.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-To move between the widgets (buttons and check buttons)
|
|
|
-use the <tt/arrow keys/ or the <tt/Tab/ key. To change the state of
|
|
|
-the check buttons or to select a button use <tt/Space/. You can
|
|
|
-also use the hotkeys on the buttons to quickly activate
|
|
|
-that selection (they are the highlit letters on the
|
|
|
-buttons).
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-To set the attribute bits, use the <tt/Enter/ key.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-When working with a group of files or directories, you
|
|
|
-just click on the bits you want to set or clear. Once you
|
|
|
-have selected the bits you want to change, you select one
|
|
|
-of the action buttons (Set marked or Clear marked).
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-Finally, to set the attributes exactly to those specified,
|
|
|
-you can use the <bf/[Set all]/ button, which will act on all
|
|
|
-the tagged files.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<bf/[Marked all]/ set only marked attributes to all selected
|
|
|
-files
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<bf/[Set marked]/ set marked bits in attributes of all selected
|
|
|
-files
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<bf/[Clean marked]/ clear marked bits in attributes of all
|
|
|
-selected files
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<bf/[Set]/ set the attributes of one file
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<bf/[Cancel]/ cancel the Chmod command
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<sect>Chown<label id="Chown">
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<p>
|
|
|
-The Chown command is used to change the owner/group of a
|
|
|
-file. The hot key for this command is <tt/C-x o/.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<sect>Advanced Chown<label id="Advanced Chown">
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<p>
|
|
|
-The Advanced Chown command is the <ref name="Chmod" id="Chmod">
|
|
|
-and <ref name="Chown" id="Chown"> command combined into one
|
|
|
-window. You can change the permissions and owner/group of
|
|
|
-files at once.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<sect>File Operations<label id="File Operations">
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<p>
|
|
|
-When you copy, move or delete files the Midnight Commander
|
|
|
-shows the file operations dialog. It shows the files
|
|
|
-currently being operated on and there are at most three
|
|
|
-progress bars. The file bar tells how big part of the
|
|
|
-current file has been copied so far. The count bar tells
|
|
|
-how many of tagged files have been handled so far. The
|
|
|
-bytes bar tells how big part of total size of the tagged
|
|
|
-files has been handled so far. If the <em/verbose/ option is
|
|
|
-off the file and bytes bars are not shown.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-There are two buttons at the bottom of the dialog.
|
|
|
-Pressing the <bf/Skip/ button will skip the rest of the current
|
|
|
-file. Pressing the <bf/Abort/ button will abort the whole
|
|
|
-operation, the rest of the files are skipped.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-There are three other dialogs which you can run into
|
|
|
-during the file operations.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-The error dialog informs about error conditions and has
|
|
|
-three choices. Normally you select either the <bf/Skip/ button
|
|
|
-to skip the file or the <bf/Abort/ button to abort the
|
|
|
-operation altogether. You can also select the <bf/Retry/ button
|
|
|
-if you fixed the problem from another terminal.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-The replace dialog is shown when you attempt to copy or
|
|
|
-move a file on the top of an existing file. The dialog
|
|
|
-shows the dates and sizes of the both files. Press the <bf/Yes/
|
|
|
-button to overwrite the file, the <bf/No/ button to skip the
|
|
|
-file, the <bf/alL/ button to overwrite all the files, the <bf/nonE/
|
|
|
-button to never overwrite and the <bf/Update/ button to
|
|
|
-overwrite if the source file is newer than the target
|
|
|
-file. You can abort the whole operation by pressing the
|
|
|
-<bf/Abort/ button.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-The recursive delete dialog is shown when you try to
|
|
|
-delete a directory which is not empty. Press the <bf/Yes/
|
|
|
-button to delete the directory recursively, the <bf/No/ button
|
|
|
-to skip the directory, the <bf/alL/ button to delete all the
|
|
|
-directories and the <bf/nonE/ button to skip all the non-empty
|
|
|
-directories. You can abort the whole operation by pressing
|
|
|
-the <bf/Abort/ button.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-If you have tagged files and perform an operation on them
|
|
|
-only the files on which the operation succeeded are
|
|
|
-untagged. Failed and skipped files are left tagged.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<sect>Mask Copy/Rename<label id="Mask Copy/Rename">
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<p>
|
|
|
-The copy/move operations lets you translate the names of
|
|
|
-files in an easy way. To do it, you have to specify the
|
|
|
-correct source mask and usually in the trailing part of
|
|
|
-the destination specify some wildcards. All the files
|
|
|
-matching the source mask are copied/renamed according to
|
|
|
-the target mask. If there are tagged files, only the
|
|
|
-tagged files matching the source mask are renamed.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-There are other option which you can set:
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<descrip>
|
|
|
-<tag/Follow links/ tells whether make the symlinks and
|
|
|
-hardlinks in the source directory (recursively in subdirectories)
|
|
|
-new links in the target directory or whether would you like
|
|
|
-to copy their content.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<tag/Stable symlinks/ commands Midnight Commander, that it should
|
|
|
-change symlinks in the target, so that they'll point to the same
|
|
|
-location as it did before. With absolute symbolic links this does
|
|
|
-nothing, but if you have a relative one, it will recompute its
|
|
|
-value, adding necessary ../ and other directory parts and
|
|
|
-making the value as short as possible (most modern filesystems
|
|
|
-keep short symlinks inside inodes and thus don't waste much disk space).
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<tag/Dive into subdirs/ tells what to do if in the target
|
|
|
-directory exists a directory with the same name as the
|
|
|
-file/directory being copied. The default action is to copy
|
|
|
-it's content into that directory, by enabling this
|
|
|
-you can copy the source directory into that directory.
|
|
|
-Perhaps an example will help:
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-You want to copy content of a directory foo to /bla/foo,
|
|
|
-which is an already existing directory. Normally (when
|
|
|
-Dive is not set), mc would copy it exactly into /bla/foo.
|
|
|
-By enabling this option you will copy the content into /bla/foo/foo,
|
|
|
-because the directory already exists.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<tag/Preserve attributes/ tells whether to preserve the
|
|
|
-original files' permissions, timestamps and if you are
|
|
|
-root whether to preserve the original files' UID and GID.
|
|
|
-If this option is not set the current value of the umask
|
|
|
-will be respected.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<tag/Use shell patterns on/
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-When the shell patterns option is on you can use the <tt/*/
|
|
|
-and <tt/?/ wildcards in the source mask. They work like they
|
|
|
-do in the shell. In the target mask only the <tt/*/ and
|
|
|
-<tt/\<digit>/ wildcards are allowed. The first <tt/*/ wildcard in
|
|
|
-the target mask corresponds to the first wildcard group in
|
|
|
-the source mask, the second <tt/*/ corresponds to the second
|
|
|
-group and so on. The <tt/\1/ wildcard corresponds to the
|
|
|
-first wildcard group in the source mask, the <tt/\2/ wildcard
|
|
|
-corresponds to the second group and so on all the way up
|
|
|
-to <tt/\9/. The <tt/\0/ wildcard is the whole filename of the
|
|
|
-source file.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-Two examples:
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-If the source mask is <tt/*.tar.gz/, the destination is
|
|
|
-<tt>/bla/*.tgz</tt> and the file to be copied is <tt/foo.tar.gz/,
|
|
|
-the copy will be <tt/foo.tgz/ in <tt>/bla</tt>.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-Let's suppose you want to swap basename and extension so
|
|
|
-that <tt/file.c/ will become <tt/c.file/ and so on. The source
|
|
|
-mask for this is <tt/*.*/ and the destination is <tt/\2.\1/.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<tag/Use shell patterns off/
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-When the shell patterns option is off the MC doesn't do
|
|
|
-automatic grouping anymore. You must use <tt/\(...\)/
|
|
|
-expressions in the source mask to specify meaning for the
|
|
|
-wildcards in the target mask. This is more flexible but
|
|
|
-also requires more typing. Otherwise target masks are
|
|
|
-similar to the situation when the shell patterns option is
|
|
|
-on.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-Two examples:
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-If the source mask is <tt/^\(.*\)\.tar\.gz$/, the destination
|
|
|
-is <tt>/bla/*.tgz</tt> and the file to be copied is <tt/foo.tar.gz/,
|
|
|
-the copy will be <tt>/bla/foo.tgz</tt>.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-Let's suppose you want to swap basename and extension so
|
|
|
-that <tt/file.c/ will become <tt/c.file/ and so on. The source
|
|
|
-mask for this is <tt/^\(.*\)\.\(.*\)$/ and the destination is
|
|
|
-<tt/\2.\1/.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<tag/Case Conversions/
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-You can also change the case of the filenames. If you use
|
|
|
-<tt/\u/ or <tt/\l/ in the target mask the next character will be
|
|
|
-converted to uppercase or lowercase correspondingly.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-If you use <tt/\U/ or <tt/\L/ in the target mask the next
|
|
|
-characters will be converted to uppercase or lowercase
|
|
|
-correspondingly up to the next <tt/\E/ or next <tt/\U/, <tt/\L/ or
|
|
|
-the end of the file name.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-The <tt/\u/ and <tt/\l/ are stronger than <tt/\U/ and <tt/\L/.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-For example, if the source mask is <tt/*/ (shell patterns on)
|
|
|
-or <tt/^\(.*\)$/ (shell patterns off) and the target mask is
|
|
|
-<tt/\L\u*/ the file names will be converted to have initial
|
|
|
-upper case and otherwise lower case.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-</descrip>
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-You can also use <tt/\/ as a quote character. For example,
|
|
|
-<tt/\\/ is a backslash and <tt/\*/ is an asterisk.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<sect>Internal File Viewer<label id="Internal File Viewer">
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<p>
|
|
|
-The internal file viewer provides two display modes: ASCII
|
|
|
-and hex. To toggle between modes, use the F4 key. If you
|
|
|
-have the GNU gzip program installed, it will be used to
|
|
|
-automatically decompress the files on demand.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-The viewer will try to use the best method provided by
|
|
|
-your system or the file type to display the information.
|
|
|
-The internal file viewer will interpret some string
|
|
|
-sequences to set the bold and underline attributes, thus
|
|
|
-making a pretty display of your files.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-When in hex mode, the search function accepts text in
|
|
|
-quotes as well as hexadecimal constants.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-You can mix quoted text with constants like this: <tt/"String"
|
|
|
-0xFE 0xBB "more text"/. Text between constants and quoted
|
|
|
-text is just ignored.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-Some internal details about the viewer: On systems that
|
|
|
-provide the <bf/mmap(2)/ system call, the program maps the file
|
|
|
-instead of loading it; if the system does not provide the
|
|
|
-<bf/mmap(2)/ system call or the file matches an action that
|
|
|
-requires a filter, then the viewer will use it's growing
|
|
|
-buffers, thus loading only those parts of the file that
|
|
|
-you actually access (this includes compressed files).
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-Here is a listing of the actions associated with each key
|
|
|
-that the Midnight Commander handles in the internal file
|
|
|
-viewer.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<descrip>
|
|
|
-<tag/F1/ Invoke the builtin hypertext help viewer.
|
|
|
-<tag/F2/ Toggle the wrap mode.
|
|
|
-<tag/F4/ Toggle the hex mode.
|
|
|
-<tag/F5/ Goto line. This will prompt you for a line and will display
|
|
|
-that line.
|
|
|
-<tag>F6, /</tag> Regular expression search.
|
|
|
-<tag/?/ Reverse regular expression search.
|
|
|
-<tag/F7/ Normal search / hex mode search.
|
|
|
-<tag/C-s/ Start normal search if there was no previous search expression else
|
|
|
-find next match.
|
|
|
-<tag/C-r/ Start reverse search if there was no previous search expression else
|
|
|
-find next match.
|
|
|
-<tag/n/ Find next match.
|
|
|
-<tag/F8/ Toggle Raw/Parsed mode: This will show the file as
|
|
|
-found on disk or if a processing filter has been specified
|
|
|
-in the mc.ext file, then the output from the filter.
|
|
|
-Current mode is always the other than written on the
|
|
|
-button label, since on the button is the mode which you
|
|
|
-enter by that key.
|
|
|
-<tag/F9/ Toggle the format/unformat mode: when format mode is on
|
|
|
-the viewer will interpret some string sequences to show
|
|
|
-bold and underline with different colors. Also, on button
|
|
|
-label is the other mode than current.
|
|
|
-<tag/F10, Esc/ Exit the internal file viewer.
|
|
|
-<tag/next-page, space, C-v/ Scroll one page forward.
|
|
|
-<tag/prev-page, M-v, C-b, backspace/ Scroll one page backward.
|
|
|
-<tag/down-key/ Scroll one line forward.
|
|
|
-<tag/up-key/ Scroll one line backward.
|
|
|
-<tag/C-l/ Refresh the screen.
|
|
|
-<tag/!/ Spawn a shell in the currently working directory.
|
|
|
-<tag/[n&rsqb m/ Set the mark n.
|
|
|
-<tag/[n&rsqb r/ Jump to the mark n.
|
|
|
-<tag/C-f/ Jump to the next file.
|
|
|
-<tag/C-b/ Jump to the previous file.
|
|
|
-<tag/M-r/ Toggle the ruler.
|
|
|
-</descrip>
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-It's possible to instruct the file viewer how to display a
|
|
|
-file, look at the <ref name="Extension File Edit section" id="Extension File Edit">
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<sect>Internal File Editor<label id="Internal File Editor">
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<p>
|
|
|
-The internal file editor provides most of the features of
|
|
|
-common full screen editors. It is invoked using <bf>F4</bf> provided
|
|
|
-the <bf>use_internal_edit</bf> option is set in the initialization file. It has an
|
|
|
-extensible file size limit of sixteen megabytes and edits binary files
|
|
|
-flawlessly. The features it presently supports are: Block
|
|
|
-copy, move, delete, cut, paste; <bf>key for key undo</bf>; pull-down
|
|
|
-menus; file insertion; <bf>macro definition</bf>; <bf>regular expression</bf>
|
|
|
-search and replace (and our own scanf-printf search and
|
|
|
-replace); <bf>shift-arrow MSW-MAC text highlighting</bf> (for the
|
|
|
-linux console only); insert-overwrite toggle; word-wrap; a variety of
|
|
|
-tabbing options; syntax highlighting for various file types; and an option
|
|
|
-to pipe text blocks through shell commands like indent and ispell.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<p>
|
|
|
-The editor is very easy to use and requires no tutoring.
|
|
|
-To see what keys do what, just consult the appropriate
|
|
|
-pull-down menu. Other keys are: Shift movement
|
|
|
-keys do text highlighting. <bf>Ctrl-Ins</bf> copies to the file
|
|
|
-<bf>.cedit/cooledit.clip</bf> and <bf>Shift-Ins</bf>
|
|
|
-pastes from <bf>.cedit/cooledit.clip</bf>.
|
|
|
-<bf>Shift-Del</bf> cuts to <bf>.cedit/cooledit.clip</bf>, and
|
|
|
-<bf>Ctrl-Del</bf> deletes highlighted text (all Linux console only).
|
|
|
-The completion key also does a Return
|
|
|
-without an automatic indent. Mouse highlighting also works, and you
|
|
|
-can override the mouse as usual by holding down the shift key
|
|
|
-while dragging the mouse to let normal terminal mouse highlighting
|
|
|
-work.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<p>
|
|
|
-You can also enable rudimentary Emacs key binding support
|
|
|
-by adding the line
|
|
|
-<tscreen><verb>
|
|
|
- edit_key_emulation=1
|
|
|
-</verb></tscreen>
|
|
|
-in your <tt>˜/.mc/ini</tt> file. A zero value is for normal
|
|
|
-keys.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<p>
|
|
|
-To define a macro, press <bf/Ctrl-R/ and then type out the key
|
|
|
-strokes you want to be executed. Press <bf/Ctrl-R/ again when
|
|
|
-finished. You can then assign the macro to any key you like
|
|
|
-by pressing that key. The macro is executed when you
|
|
|
-press <bf>Ctrl-A</bf> and then the assigned key. The macro is also
|
|
|
-executed if you press Meta, Ctrl, or Esc and the assigned
|
|
|
-key, provided that the key is not used for any other
|
|
|
-function. Once defined, the macro commands go into the
|
|
|
-file <bf>.cedit/cooledit.macros</bf> in your home directory.
|
|
|
-You can delete a macro by deleting the appropriate line in
|
|
|
-this file.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<p>
|
|
|
-<bf>F19</bf> will format C code when it is highlighted
|
|
|
-and <bf>C-p</bf> will do spell checks. M-t will also
|
|
|
-run the <bf>sort</bf> shell command. To see how
|
|
|
-to set this up, look at the <bf>mcedit.1</bf>
|
|
|
-man page.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<p>
|
|
|
-You can use scanf search and replace to search and replace
|
|
|
-a C <bf>format string</bf>. First take a look at the <bf>sscanf</bf>
|
|
|
-and <bf>sprintf</bf> man pages to see what a <bf>format string</bf>
|
|
|
-is and how it works. An example is as follows: Suppose I want
|
|
|
-to replace all occurrences of say, an open bracket, three
|
|
|
-comma separated numbers, and a close bracket, with the
|
|
|
-word <tt/apples/, the third number, the word
|
|
|
-<tt/oranges/ and then the second number, I would
|
|
|
-fill in the <bf>Replace</bf> dialog
|
|
|
-box as follows:
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<p>
|
|
|
-<tscreen><verb>
|
|
|
- Enter search string
|
|
|
-(%d,%d,%d)
|
|
|
- Enter replace string
|
|
|
-apples %d oranges %d
|
|
|
- Enter replacement argument order
|
|
|
-3,2
|
|
|
-</verb></tscreen>
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<p>
|
|
|
-The last line specifies that the third and then the second
|
|
|
-number are to be used in place of the first and second.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<p>
|
|
|
-It is advisable to use this feature with <bf/Prompt on replace/
|
|
|
-on, because a match is thought to be found whenever the number
|
|
|
-of arguments found matches the number given, which is not always
|
|
|
-a real match. Scanf also treats whitespace as being elastic.
|
|
|
-Note that the scanf format <bf>%[</bf> is very useful for
|
|
|
-scanning strings, and whitespace.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<p>
|
|
|
-The editor also displays non-us characters (160+). When editing
|
|
|
-binary files, you should set <bf>display bits</bf> to 7 bits in the
|
|
|
-options menu to keep the spacing clean.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<p>
|
|
|
-See also the <bf>mcedit.1</bf> man page for lots more information,
|
|
|
-including details on creating syntax highlighting rules.
|
|
|
-A variety of tabbing and indenting options are available which
|
|
|
-are described in this man page.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<sect>Completion<label id="Completion">
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<p>
|
|
|
-Let the Midnight Commander type for you.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-Attempt to perform completion on the text before current
|
|
|
-position. MC attempts completion treating the text as
|
|
|
-variable (if the text begins with <bf/$/ ), username (if the
|
|
|
-text begins with <bf/˜/ ), hostname (if the text begins with <bf/@/)
|
|
|
-or command (if you are on the command line in the
|
|
|
-position where you might type a command, possible
|
|
|
-completions then include shell reserved words and shell
|
|
|
-builtin commands as well) in turn. If none of these
|
|
|
-produces a match, filename completion is attempted.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-Filename, username, variable and hostname completion works
|
|
|
-on all input lines, command completion is command line
|
|
|
-specific. If the completion is ambiguous (there are more
|
|
|
-different possibilities), MC beeps and the following
|
|
|
-action depends on the setting of the <em/Complete: show all/
|
|
|
-option in the <ref name="Configuration" id="Configuration">
|
|
|
-dialog. If it is enabled, a
|
|
|
-list of all possibilities pops up next to the current
|
|
|
-position and you can select with the arrow keys and <tt/Enter/
|
|
|
-the correct entry. You can also type the first letters in
|
|
|
-which the possibilities differ to move to a subset of all
|
|
|
-possibilities and complete as much as possible. If you
|
|
|
-press <tt/M-Tab/ again, only the subset will be shown in the
|
|
|
-listbox, otherwise the first item which matches all the
|
|
|
-previous characters will be highlighted. As soon as there
|
|
|
-is no ambiguity, dialog disappears, but you can hide it by
|
|
|
-canceling keys <tt/Esc,/ <tt/F10/ and left and right arrow keys. If
|
|
|
-<em/Complete: show all/
|
|
|
-<ref name="Configuration" id="Configuration"> is disabled,
|
|
|
-the dialog pops up
|
|
|
-only if you press <tt/M-Tab/ for the second time, for the first
|
|
|
-time MC just beeps.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<sect>Virtual File System<label id="Virtual File System">
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<p>
|
|
|
-The Midnight Commander is provided with a code layer to
|
|
|
-access the file system; this code layer is known as the
|
|
|
-virtual file system switch. The virtual file system switch
|
|
|
-allows the Midnight Commander to manipulate files not
|
|
|
-located on the Unix file system.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-Currently the Midnight Commander is packaged with some Virtual File
|
|
|
-Systems (VFS): the <em/local/ file system, used for accessing the
|
|
|
-regular Unix file system; the <em/ftpfs/, used to manipulate files on
|
|
|
-remote systems with the FTP protocol; the <em/tarfs/, used to
|
|
|
-manipulate tar and compressed tar files; the <em/undelfs/, used to
|
|
|
-recover deleted files on ext2 file systems (the default file system
|
|
|
-for Linux systems), fish (for manipulating files over shell connections
|
|
|
-such as rsh/ssh) and finally the <em/mcfs/ (Midnight Commander file
|
|
|
-system), a network based file system.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-The VFS switch code will interpret all of the path names
|
|
|
-used and will forward them to the correct file system, the
|
|
|
-formats used for each one of the file systems is described
|
|
|
-later in their own section.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<sect1>FTP File System<label id="FTP File System">
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<p>
|
|
|
-The ftpfs allows you to manipulate files on remote
|
|
|
-machines, to actually use it, you may try to use the panel
|
|
|
-command FTP link (accessible from the menubar) or you may
|
|
|
-directly change your current directory to it using the cd
|
|
|
-command to a path name that looks like this:
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<em>/#ftp:[!&rsqb[user@]machine[:port&rsqb[remote-dir]</em>
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-The, <em/user, port/ and <em/remote-dir/ elements are optional. If
|
|
|
-you specify the <em/user/ element, then the Midnight Commander
|
|
|
-will try to logon on the remote machine as that user,
|
|
|
-otherwise it will use your login name. The optional <em/pass/ element,
|
|
|
-if present is the password used for the connection. This use
|
|
|
-is not recommended (nor keeping this in your hotlist, unless you set
|
|
|
-the appropriate permissions there, and then, it may not be entirely
|
|
|
-safe anyways).
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-Examples:
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<tscreen><verb>
|
|
|
- /#ftp:ftp.nuclecu.unam.mx/linux/local
|
|
|
- /#ftp:tsx-11.mit.edu/pub/linux/packages
|
|
|
- /#ftp:!behind.firewall.edu/pub
|
|
|
- /#ftp:guest@remote-host.com:40/pub
|
|
|
- /#ftp:miguel:xxx@server/pub
|
|
|
-</verb></tscreen>
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-To connect to sites behind a firewall, you will need to use the prefix
|
|
|
-ftp://! (ie, with a bang character after the double slash) to make the
|
|
|
-Midnight Commander use a proxy host for doing the ftp transfer. You
|
|
|
-can define the proxy host in the <ref name="Virtual FS" id="Virtual FS">
|
|
|
-Virtual File System dialog box.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-Another option to set is the <em/Always use ftp proxy/
|
|
|
-option in the <ref name="Virtual FS" id="Virtual FS">
|
|
|
-dialog box. This will configure the program
|
|
|
-to always use the proxy host. If this variable is set, the program
|
|
|
-will do two things: consult the <tt>@prefix@/lib/mc.no_proxy</tt> file for
|
|
|
-lines containing host names that are local (if the host name starts
|
|
|
-with a dot, it is assumed to be a domain) and to assume that any
|
|
|
-hostnames without dots in their names are directly accessible.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-If you are using the ftpfs code with a filtering packet router that
|
|
|
-does not allow you to use the regular mode of opening files, you may
|
|
|
-want to force the program to use the passive-open mode. To use this,
|
|
|
-set the <em/ftpfs_use_passive_connections/ option in the initialization file.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-The Midnight Commander keeps the directory listing in a cache. The cache
|
|
|
-expire time is configurable in the <ref name="Virtual FS" id="Virtual FS">
|
|
|
-dialog box. This has the funny behavior that even if you make changes to a
|
|
|
-directory, they will not be reflected in the directory listing until you
|
|
|
-force a cache reload with the C-r key. This is a feature (when you think
|
|
|
-it's a bug, think about manipulating files on the other side of the Atlantic
|
|
|
-with ftpfs).
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<sect1>Tar File System<label id="Tar File System">
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<p>
|
|
|
-The tar file system provides you with read-only access to
|
|
|
-your tar files and compressed tar files by using the chdir
|
|
|
-command. To change your directory to a tar file, you
|
|
|
-change your current directory to the tar file by using the
|
|
|
-following syntax:
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<em/filename.tar#utar[dir-inside-tar]/
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-The mc.ext file already provides a shortcut for tar files,
|
|
|
-this means that usually you just point to a tar file and
|
|
|
-press return to enter into the tar file, see the <ref name="Extension
|
|
|
-File Edit" id="Extension File Edit"> section for details on how this is done.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-Examples:
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<tscreen><verb>
|
|
|
- mc-3.0.tar.gz#utar/mc-3.0/vfs
|
|
|
- /ftp/GCC/gcc-2.7.0.tar#utar
|
|
|
-</verb></tscreen>
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-The latter specifies the full path of the tar archive.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<sect1>FIle transfer over SHell filesystem<label id="FISH">
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<p>
|
|
|
-The fish file system is a network based file system that allows you to
|
|
|
-manipulate the files in a remote machine as if they were local. To use
|
|
|
-this, the other side has to either run fish server, or has to have
|
|
|
-bash-compatible shell.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-To connect to a remote machine, you just need to chdir
|
|
|
-into a special directory which name is in the following
|
|
|
-format:
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<em>/#sh:[user@]machine[:options]/[remote-dir]</em>
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-The, <em/user/, <em/options/ and <em/remote-dir/ elements are optional. If
|
|
|
-you specify the <em/user/ element then the Midnight Commander
|
|
|
-will try to logon on the remote machine as that user,
|
|
|
-otherwise it will use your login name.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-The <em/options/ are <tt/C/ - use compression and <tt/rsh/ use rsh instead
|
|
|
-of ssh. If the <em/remote-dir/ element is present, your current
|
|
|
-directory on the remote machine will be set to this one.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-Examples:
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<tscreen><verb>
|
|
|
- /#sh:onlyrsh.mx:r/linux/local
|
|
|
- /#sh:joe@want.compression.edu:C/private
|
|
|
- /#sh:joe@noncompressed.ssh.edu/private
|
|
|
-</verb></tscreen>
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<sect1>Network File System<label id="Network File System">
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<p>
|
|
|
-The Midnight Commander file system is a network base file
|
|
|
-system that allows you to manipulate the files in a remote
|
|
|
-machine as if they were local. To use this, the remote
|
|
|
-machine must be running the mcserv(8) server program.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-To connect to a remote machine, you just need to chdir
|
|
|
-into a special directory which name is in the following
|
|
|
-format:
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<em>/#mc:[user@]machine[:port]/[remote-dir]</em>
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-The, <em/user/, <em/port/ and <em/remote-dir/ elements are optional. If
|
|
|
-you specify the <em/user/ element then the Midnight Commander
|
|
|
-will try to logon on the remote machine as that user,
|
|
|
-otherwise it will use your login name.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-The <em/port/ element is used when the remote machine running
|
|
|
-on a special port (see the mcserv(8) manual page for more
|
|
|
-information about ports); finally, if the <em/remote-dir/
|
|
|
-element is present, your current directory on the remote
|
|
|
-machine will be set to this one.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-Examples:
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<tscreen><verb>
|
|
|
- /#mc:ftp.nuclecu.unam.mx/linux/local
|
|
|
- /#mc:joe@foo.edu:11321/private
|
|
|
-</verb></tscreen>
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<sect1>Undelete File System<label id="Undelete File System">
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<p>
|
|
|
-On Linux systems, if you asked configure to use the ext2fs undelete
|
|
|
-facilities, you will have the undelete file system available.
|
|
|
-Recovery of deleted files is only available on ext2 file systems. The
|
|
|
-undelete file system is just an interface to the ext2fs library to:
|
|
|
-retrieve all of the deleted files names on an ext2fs and provides and
|
|
|
-to extract the selected files into a regular partition.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-To use this file system, you have to chdir into the special file name
|
|
|
-formed by the "/#undel:" prefix and the file name where the actual
|
|
|
-file system resides.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-For example, to recover deleted files on the second partition of the
|
|
|
-first scsi disk on Linux, you would use the following path name:
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<tscreen><verb>
|
|
|
- /#undel:sda2
|
|
|
-</verb></tscreen>
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-It may take a while for the undelfs to load the required information
|
|
|
-before you start browsing files there.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<sect1>Colors<label id="Colors">
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<p>
|
|
|
-The Midnight Commander will try to detect if your terminal
|
|
|
-supports color using the terminal database and your
|
|
|
-terminal name. Sometimes it gets confused, so you may
|
|
|
-force color mode or disable color mode using the <tt/-c/ and <tt/-b/
|
|
|
-flag respectively.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-If the program is compiled with the Slang screen manager
|
|
|
-instead of ncurses, it will also check the variable
|
|
|
-<tt/COLORTERM/, if it is set, it has the same effect as the <tt/-c/
|
|
|
-flag.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-You may specify terminals that always force color mode
|
|
|
-by adding the <em/color_terminals/ variable to the Colors
|
|
|
-section of the initialization file. This will prevent the
|
|
|
-Midnight Commander from trying to detect if your terminal
|
|
|
-supports color. Example:
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<tscreen><verb>
|
|
|
-[Colors]
|
|
|
-color_terminals=linux,xterm
|
|
|
-</verb></tscreen>
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-The format is:
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<tscreen><verb>
|
|
|
-color_terminals=terminal-name1,terminal-name2...
|
|
|
-</verb></tscreen>
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-The program can be compiled with both ncurses and slang,
|
|
|
-ncurses does not provide a way to force color mode:
|
|
|
-ncurses uses just the information in the terminal
|
|
|
-database.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-The Midnight Commander provides a way to change the
|
|
|
-default colors. Currently the colors are configured using
|
|
|
-the environment variable <tt/MC_COLOR_TABLE/ or the Colors
|
|
|
-section in the initialization file.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-In the Colors section, the default color map is loaded
|
|
|
-from the <em/base_color/ variable. You can specify an
|
|
|
-alternate color map for a terminal by using the terminal
|
|
|
-name as the key in this section. Example:
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<tscreen><verb>
|
|
|
-[Colors]
|
|
|
-base_color=
|
|
|
-xterm=menu=magenta:marked=,magenta:markselect=,red
|
|
|
-</verb></tscreen>
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-The format for the color definition is:
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<tscreen><verb>
|
|
|
- <keyword>=<foregroundcolor>,<backgroundcolor>:<keyword>= ...
|
|
|
-</verb></tscreen>
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-The colors are optional, and the keywords are: normal,
|
|
|
-selected, marked, markselect, errors, input, reverse, gauge;
|
|
|
-Menu colors are: menu, menusel, menuhot, menuhotsel; Dialog colors
|
|
|
-are: dnormal, dfocus, dhotnormal, dhotfocus; Help colors
|
|
|
-are: helpnormal, helpitalic, helpbold, helplink, helpslink;
|
|
|
-Viewer color is: viewunderline; Special highlighting colors are:
|
|
|
-executable, directory, link, device, special, core; Editor colors
|
|
|
-are: editnormal, editbold, editmarked.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<em/input/ determines the color of input lines used in query dialogs.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<em/gauge/ determines the color of the filled part of the progress bar
|
|
|
-(gauge), which shows how many percent of files were copied
|
|
|
-etc. in a graphical way.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-The dialog boxes use the following colors: <em/dnormal/ is
|
|
|
-used for the normal text, <em/dfocus/ is the color used for the
|
|
|
-currently selected component, <em/dhotnormal/ is the color used
|
|
|
-to differentiate the hotkey color in normal components,
|
|
|
-whereas the <em/dhotfocus/ color is used for the highlighted
|
|
|
-color in the currently selected component.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-Menus use the same scheme but uses the menu, menusel,
|
|
|
-menuhot and menuhotsel tags instead.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-Help uses the following colors: <em/helpnormal/ is used for
|
|
|
-normal text, <em/helpitalic/ is used for text which is
|
|
|
-emphasized in italic in the manual page, <em/helpbold/ is used
|
|
|
-for text which is emphasized in bold in the manual page,
|
|
|
-<em/helplink/ is used for not selected hyperlinks and <em/helpslink/
|
|
|
-is used for a selected hyperlink.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-Special highlight colors determine how files are displayed
|
|
|
-when file highlighting is enabled (see the section on
|
|
|
-<ref name="Layout" id="Layout">).
|
|
|
-<em/directory/ is used for directories or symbolic links to directories;
|
|
|
-<em/executable/ for executable files;
|
|
|
-<em/link/ is used for symbolic links which are neither stalled nor linked
|
|
|
-to a directory; <em/stalledlink/ is used for stalled symbolic links;
|
|
|
-<em/device/ - character and block devices;
|
|
|
-<em/special/ is used for special files, such as FIFOs and IPC
|
|
|
-sockets; <em/core/ is for core files.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-The possible colors are: black, gray, red, brightred, green,
|
|
|
-brightgreen, brown, yellow, blue, brightblue, magenta,
|
|
|
-brightmagenta, cyan, brightcyan, lightgray and white. An there is a special
|
|
|
-keyword for transparent background. It is <em/default/. The <em/default/ can only
|
|
|
-be used for background color. Example:
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<tscreen><verb>
|
|
|
-[Colors]
|
|
|
-base_color=normal=white,default:marked=magenta,default
|
|
|
-</verb></tscreen>
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<sect>Special Settings<label id="Special Settings">
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<p>
|
|
|
-Most of the settings of the Midnight Commander can be
|
|
|
-changed from the menus. However, there is a small number
|
|
|
-of settings which can only be changed by editing the setup
|
|
|
-file.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-These variables may be set in your <tt>˜/.mc/ini</tt> file:
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<descrip>
|
|
|
-<tag/clear_before_exec/ By default the Midnight Commander
|
|
|
-clears the screen before executing a command. If you would
|
|
|
-prefer to see the output of the command at the bottom of
|
|
|
-the screen, edit your <tt>˜/.mc/ini</tt> file and change the value
|
|
|
-of the field clear_before_exec to 0.
|
|
|
-<tag/confirm_view_dir/ If you press <tt/F3/ on a directory, normally
|
|
|
-MC enters that directory. If this flag is set to 1, then
|
|
|
-MC will ask for confirmation before changing the directory
|
|
|
-if you have files tagged.
|
|
|
-<tag/ftpfs_retry_seconds/
|
|
|
-This value is the number of seconds the Midnight Commander will wait
|
|
|
-before attempting a reconnection to an ftp server that has denied the
|
|
|
-login. If the value is zero, the the program will not retry the login.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<tag/ftpfs_use_passive_connections/
|
|
|
-This option is by off default. This makes the ftpfs code use the
|
|
|
-passive open mode for transferring files. This is used by people that
|
|
|
-are behind a filtering packet router. This option just works if you
|
|
|
-are not using an ftp proxy.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<tag/max_dirt_limit/ Specifies how many screen updates can be
|
|
|
-skipped at most in the internal file viewer. Normally this
|
|
|
-value is not significant, because the code automatically
|
|
|
-adjusts the number of updates to skip according to the
|
|
|
-rate of incoming keypresses. However, on very slow
|
|
|
-machines or terminals with a fast keyboard auto repeat, a
|
|
|
-big value can make screen updates too jumpy. It seems that
|
|
|
-setting max_dirt_limit to 10 causes the best behavior, and
|
|
|
-that is the default value.
|
|
|
-<tag/mouse_move_pages/ Controls whenever scrolling with the
|
|
|
-mouse is done by pages or line by line on the panels.
|
|
|
-<tag/mouse_move_pages_viewer/ Controls if scrolling with the
|
|
|
-mouse is done by pages or line by line on the internal
|
|
|
-file viewer.
|
|
|
-<tag/old_esc_mode/ By default the Midnight Commander treats the
|
|
|
-<tt/ESC/ key as a key prefix (old_esc_mode=0), if you set this
|
|
|
-option (old_esc_mode=1), then the <tt/ESC/ key will act as a
|
|
|
-prefix key for one second, and if no extra keys have
|
|
|
-arrived, then the <tt/ESC/ key is interpreted as a cancel key
|
|
|
-(<tt/ESC ESC/).
|
|
|
-<tag/only_leading_plus_minus/
|
|
|
-set special treatment for <tt/+/, <tt/-/, <tt/*/ in command line (select,
|
|
|
-unselect, reverse selection) only if command line is empty. No need to
|
|
|
-quote this characters in the middle of the command line. But we can not
|
|
|
-change selection when command line is not empty.
|
|
|
-<tag/panel_scroll_pages/
|
|
|
-If set (the default), panel will scroll by half the display when the
|
|
|
-cursor reaches the end or the beginning of the panel, otherwise it
|
|
|
-will just scroll a file at a time.
|
|
|
-<tag/preserve_uidgid/
|
|
|
-If this option is set (the default), when logged in as root the
|
|
|
-default will be to preserve the UID and the GID of files. Some users
|
|
|
-prefer to disable this option, so that's why it's configurable.
|
|
|
-<tag/show_output_starts_shell/
|
|
|
-This variable only works if you are not using the subshell support.
|
|
|
-When you use the C-o keystroke to go back to the user screen, if this
|
|
|
-one is set, you will get a fresh shell. Otherwise, pressing any key
|
|
|
-will bring you back to the Midnight Commander.
|
|
|
-<tag/torben_fj_mode/ If this flag is set, then the home and end
|
|
|
-keys will work slightly different on the panels, instead
|
|
|
-of moving the selection to the first and last files in the
|
|
|
-panels, they will act as follows: The home key will: Go up
|
|
|
-to the middle line, if below it; else go to the top line
|
|
|
-unless it is already on the top line, in this case it will
|
|
|
-go to the first file in the panel. The end key has a
|
|
|
-similar behavior: Go down to the middle line, if over it;
|
|
|
-else go to the bottom line unless you already are at the
|
|
|
-bottom line, in such case it will move the selection to
|
|
|
-the last file name in the panel.
|
|
|
-<tag/use_file_to_guess_type/ If this variable is on (the
|
|
|
-default) it will spawn the file command to match the file
|
|
|
-types listed on the <ref name="mc.ext file" id="Extension File Edit">.
|
|
|
-<tag/xterm_mode/If this variable is on (default is off) when you browse the file
|
|
|
-system on a Tree panel, it will automatically reload the other panel
|
|
|
-with the contents of the selected directory.
|
|
|
-</descrip>
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<sect>Terminal databases<label id="Terminal databases">
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<p>
|
|
|
-The Midnight Commander provides a way to fix your system
|
|
|
-terminal database without requiring root privileges. The
|
|
|
-Midnight Commander searches in the system initialization
|
|
|
-file (the mc.lib file located in the Midnight Commander
|
|
|
-library directory) or in the <tt>˜/.mc/ini</tt> file for the
|
|
|
-section <tt/terminal:your-terminal-name/ and then for the
|
|
|
-section <tt/terminal:general/, each line of the section
|
|
|
-contains a key symbol that you want to define, followed by
|
|
|
-an equal sign and the definition for the key. You can use
|
|
|
-the special <tt/\E/ form to represent the escape character and
|
|
|
-the <tt/^x/ to represent the <tt/control-x/ character.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-The possible key symbols are:
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<tscreen><verb>
|
|
|
-f0 to f20 Function keys f0-f20
|
|
|
-bs backspace
|
|
|
-home home key
|
|
|
-end end key
|
|
|
-up up arrow key
|
|
|
-down down arrow key
|
|
|
-left left arrow key
|
|
|
-right right arrow key
|
|
|
-pgdn page down key
|
|
|
-pgup page up key
|
|
|
-insert the insert character
|
|
|
-delete the delete character
|
|
|
-complete to do completion
|
|
|
-</verb></tscreen>
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-For example, to define the key insert to be the
|
|
|
-<tt/Escape + [ + O + p/, you set this in the ini file:
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<tscreen><verb>
|
|
|
-insert=\E[Op
|
|
|
-</verb></tscreen>
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-The <em/complete/ key symbol represents the escape sequences
|
|
|
-used to invoke the completion process, this is invoked
|
|
|
-with <tt/M-tab/, but you can define other keys to do the same
|
|
|
-work (on those keyboard with tons of nice and unused keys
|
|
|
-everywhere).
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<sect>How to use help<label id="How to use help">
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<p>
|
|
|
-You can use the cursor keys or mouse to navigate in the
|
|
|
-internal help viewer.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-Press down arrow to move to the next item or scroll down.
|
|
|
-Press up arrow to move to the previous item or scroll up.
|
|
|
-Press right arrow to follow the current link.
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|
|
-Press left arrow to go back in the history of nodes that
|
|
|
-you have visited.
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|
|
-
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|
|
-If you terminal doesn't support the cursor keys you can
|
|
|
-use the <tt/space bar/ to scroll forward and the <tt/b/ key scroll
|
|
|
-back. Use the <tt/TAB/ key to move to the next item and press
|
|
|
-<tt/ENTER/ to follow the current link. The <tt/l/ (last) key may
|
|
|
-be used to go back in the history of nodes that you have
|
|
|
-visited. Press <tt/ESC/ to exit the help viewer.
|
|
|
-
|
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|
-The left mouse button will follow the link or scroll. The
|
|
|
-right mouse button can be used to go back in the history
|
|
|
-of nodes.
|
|
|
-
|
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|
-The full key list of the help viewer:
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<ref name="General movement keys" id="General Movement Keys"> are accepted.
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|
-
|
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|
-<descrip>
|
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|
-<tag/tab/Move to the next item.
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|
-<tag/M-tab/Move to the previous item.
|
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|
-<tag/down/Move to the next item or scroll a line down.
|
|
|
-<tag/up/Move to the previous item or scroll a line up.
|
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|
-<tag/right, enter/Follow the current link.
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|
-<tag/left, l/Go back in the history of visited nodes.
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|
-<tag/F1/Show the help for the help viewer.
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|
-<tag/n/Go to the next node.
|
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|
-<tag/p/Go to the previous node.
|
|
|
-<tag/c/Go to the Contents node.
|
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|
-<tag/F10, esc/Exit the help viewer.
|
|
|
-</descrip>
|
|
|
-
|
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|
-<sect>FILES<label id="FILES">
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|
-
|
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|
-<p>
|
|
|
-<descrip>
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|
-<tag>@prefix@/lib/mc.hlp</tag> The help file for the program.
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|
-<tag>@prefix@/lib/mc/mc.ext</tag> The default system-wide extensions
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|
|
-file.
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|
-<tag>˜/.mc/ext</tag> User's own extension, view configuration and
|
|
|
-edit configuration file. They override the contents of the
|
|
|
-system wide files if present.
|
|
|
-<tag>@prefix@/lib/mc/mc.ini</tag> The default system-wide setup for
|
|
|
-the Midnight Commander, used only if the user lacks his
|
|
|
-own <tt>˜/.mc/ini</tt> file.
|
|
|
-<tag>@prefix@/lib/mc/mc.lib</tag> Global settings for the Midnight
|
|
|
-Commander. Settings in this file are global to any
|
|
|
-Midnight Commander, it is useful to define site-global
|
|
|
-terminal settings.
|
|
|
-<tag>˜/.mc/ini</tag> User's own setup. If this file is present
|
|
|
-then the setup is loaded from here instead of the
|
|
|
-system-wide startup file.
|
|
|
-<tag>@prefix@/lib/mc/mc.hint</tag> This file contains the hints
|
|
|
-(cookies) displayed by the program.
|
|
|
-<tag>@prefix@/lib/mc/mc.menu</tag> This file contains the default
|
|
|
-system-wide applications menu.
|
|
|
-<tag>˜/.mc/menu</tag> User's own application menu. If this file
|
|
|
-is present it is used instead of the system-wide
|
|
|
-applications menu.
|
|
|
-<tag>˜/.mc/tree</tag> The directory list for the directory tree
|
|
|
-and tree view features. Each line is one entry. The lines
|
|
|
-starting with a slash are full directory names. The lines
|
|
|
-starting with a number have that many characters equal to
|
|
|
-the previous directory. If you want you may create this
|
|
|
-file by giving the command
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<tscreen><verb>
|
|
|
-find / -type d -print | sort < ~/.mc/tree
|
|
|
-</verb></tscreen>
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-Normally there is no sense in doing it
|
|
|
-because the Midnight Commander automatically updates this
|
|
|
-file for you.
|
|
|
-<tag>./.mc.menu</tag> Local user-defined menu. If this file
|
|
|
-is present it is used instead of the home or system-wide
|
|
|
-applications menu.
|
|
|
-</descrip>
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<sect>AVAILABILITY<label id="AVAILABILITY">
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<p>
|
|
|
-The latest version of this program can be found at
|
|
|
-<url url="ftp://ftp.nuclecu.unam.mx/linux/local/"> and in
|
|
|
-Europe from <url url="ftp://sunsite.mff.cuni.cz/GNU/mc"> and
|
|
|
-<url url="ftp://ftp.teuto.de/lmb/mc">.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<sect>SEE ALSO<label id="SEE ALSO">
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<p>
|
|
|
-<bf/ed(1), gpm(1), mcserv(8), terminfo(1), view(1), sh(1),
|
|
|
-bash(1), tcsh(1), zsh(1)/.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-The Midnight Commander page on the World Wide Web:
|
|
|
-<url url="http://www.gnome.org/mc/">
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<sect>AUTHORS<label id="AUTHORS">
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<p>
|
|
|
-<itemize>
|
|
|
-<item>Miguel de Icaza (<tt/miguel@roxanne.nuclecu.unam.mx/)
|
|
|
-<item>Janne Kukonlehto (<tt/jtklehto@paju.oulu.fi/)
|
|
|
-<item>Radek Doulik (<tt/rodo@ucw.cz/)
|
|
|
-<item>Fred Leeflang (<tt/fredl@nebula.ow.org/)
|
|
|
-<item>Dugan Porter (<tt/dugan@b011.eunet.es/)
|
|
|
-<item>Jakub Jelinek (<tt/jj@sunsite.mff.cuni.cz/)
|
|
|
-<item>Ching Hui (<tt/mr854307@cs.nthu.edu.tw/)
|
|
|
-<item>Andrej Borsenkow (<tt/borsenkow.msk@sni.de/)
|
|
|
-<item>Norbert Warmuth (<tt/nwarmuth@privat.circular.de/)
|
|
|
-<item>Mauricio Plaza (<tt/mok@roxanne.nuclecu.unam.mx/)
|
|
|
-<item>Paul Sheer (<tt/psheer@icon.co.za/)
|
|
|
-<item>Pavel Machek (<tt/pavel@ucw.cz/)
|
|
|
-</itemize>
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-Alessandro Rubini (<tt/rubini@ipvvis.unipv.it/) has been especially helpful
|
|
|
-debugging and enhancing the program's mouse support, John
|
|
|
-Davis (<tt/davis@space.mit.edu/) made his S-Lang library
|
|
|
-available to us under the GPL and answered my questions
|
|
|
-about it, and the following people have contributed code
|
|
|
-and many bug fixes (in alphabetical order):
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<itemize>
|
|
|
-<item>Adam Tla/lka (<tt/atlka@sunrise.pg.gda.pl/)
|
|
|
-<item>Alex I. Tkachenko (<tt/alex@bcs.zp.ua/)
|
|
|
-<item>Antonio Palama, DOS port (<tt/palama@posso.dm.unipi.it/)
|
|
|
-<item>Gerd Knorr (<tt/kraxel@cs.tu-berlin.de/)
|
|
|
-<item>Erwin van Eijk (<tt/wabbit@corner.iaf.nl/)
|
|
|
-<item>Jean-Daniel Luiset (<tt/luiset@cih.hcuge.ch/)
|
|
|
-<item>Jon Stevens (<tt/root@dolphin.csudh.edu/)
|
|
|
-<item>Juan Francisco Grigera, Win32 port (<tt/j-grigera@usa.net/)
|
|
|
-<item>Juan Jose Ciarlante (<tt/jjciarla@raiz.uncu.edu.ar/)
|
|
|
-<item>Ilya Rybkin (<tt/rybkin@rouge.phys.lsu.edu/)
|
|
|
-<item>Marcelo Roccasalva (<tt/mfroccas@raiz.uncu.edu.ar/)
|
|
|
-<item>Massimo Fontanelli (<tt/MC8737@mclink.it/)
|
|
|
-<item>Pavel Roskin (<tt/proski@gnu.org/)
|
|
|
-<item>Sergey Ya. Korshunoff (<tt/root@seyko.msk.su/)
|
|
|
-<item>Thomas Pundt (<tt/pundtt@math.uni-muenster.de/)
|
|
|
-<item>Timur Bakeyev (<tt/timur@goff.comtat.kazan.su/)
|
|
|
-<item>Tomasz Cholewo (<tt/tjchol01@mecca.spd.louisville.edu/)
|
|
|
-<item>Torben Fjerdingstad (<tt/torben.fjerdingstad@uni-c.dk/)
|
|
|
-<item>Vadim Sinolitis (<tt/vvs@nsrd.npi.msu.su/)
|
|
|
-<item>Wayne Roberts (<tt/wroberts1@cx983858-b.orng1.occa.home.com/)
|
|
|
-<item>Wim Osterholt (<tt/wim@djo.wtm.tudelft.nl/)
|
|
|
-</itemize>
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<sect>BUGS<label id="BUGS">
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-<p>
|
|
|
-See the file TODO in the distribution for information on
|
|
|
-what remains to be done.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-If you want to report a problem with the program, please send mail to
|
|
|
-this address: mc-bugs@roxanne.nuclecu.unam.mx.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-Provide a detailed description of the bug, the version of the program
|
|
|
-you are running (mc -V display this information), the operating system
|
|
|
-you are running the program on and if the program crashes, we would
|
|
|
-appreciate a stack trace.
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
-</article>
|
Pavel Roskin