In variable fonts, “axis” usually refers to a single aspect of a typeface’s design that can be altered by the user.
Common axes include Italic, Optical Size, Slant, Weight, and Width, all five of which are registered (defined) in the OpenType file format specification.
However, any property of a typeface’s design can be mapped to an axis—the choice is up to the type designer. Using axes is always possible in CSS via the font-variation-settings
attribute, while Weight can be controlled by font-weight
, Width can be controlled by font-stretch
, and Optical Size is automatically applied by font-optical-sizing
.