antarctica 15 KB

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  1. # <pre>
  2. # This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
  3. # 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson.
  4. # From Paul Eggert (1999-11-15):
  5. # To keep things manageable, we list only locations occupied year-round; see
  6. # <a href="http://www.comnap.aq/comnap/comnap.nsf/P/Stations/">
  7. # COMNAP - Stations and Bases
  8. # </a>
  9. # and
  10. # <a href="http://www.spri.cam.ac.uk/bob/periant.htm">
  11. # Summary of the Peri-Antarctic Islands (1998-07-23)
  12. # </a>
  13. # for information.
  14. # Unless otherwise specified, we have no time zone information.
  15. #
  16. # Except for the French entries,
  17. # I made up all time zone abbreviations mentioned here; corrections welcome!
  18. # FORMAT is `zzz' and GMTOFF is 0 for locations while uninhabited.
  19. # These rules are stolen from the `southamerica' file.
  20. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
  21. Rule ArgAQ 1964 1966 - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
  22. Rule ArgAQ 1964 1966 - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
  23. Rule ArgAQ 1967 only - Apr 2 0:00 0 -
  24. Rule ArgAQ 1967 1968 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
  25. Rule ArgAQ 1968 1969 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
  26. Rule ArgAQ 1974 only - Jan 23 0:00 1:00 S
  27. Rule ArgAQ 1974 only - May 1 0:00 0 -
  28. Rule ChileAQ 1972 1986 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
  29. Rule ChileAQ 1974 1987 - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S
  30. Rule ChileAQ 1987 only - Apr 12 3:00u 0 -
  31. Rule ChileAQ 1988 1989 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
  32. Rule ChileAQ 1988 only - Oct Sun>=1 4:00u 1:00 S
  33. Rule ChileAQ 1989 only - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S
  34. Rule ChileAQ 1990 only - Mar 18 3:00u 0 -
  35. Rule ChileAQ 1990 only - Sep 16 4:00u 1:00 S
  36. Rule ChileAQ 1991 1996 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
  37. Rule ChileAQ 1991 1997 - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S
  38. Rule ChileAQ 1997 only - Mar 30 3:00u 0 -
  39. Rule ChileAQ 1998 only - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
  40. Rule ChileAQ 1998 only - Sep 27 4:00u 1:00 S
  41. Rule ChileAQ 1999 only - Apr 4 3:00u 0 -
  42. Rule ChileAQ 1999 2010 - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S
  43. Rule ChileAQ 2000 2007 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
  44. # N.B.: the end of March 29 in Chile is March 30 in Universal time,
  45. # which is used below in specifying the transition.
  46. Rule ChileAQ 2008 only - Mar 30 3:00u 0 -
  47. Rule ChileAQ 2009 only - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
  48. Rule ChileAQ 2010 only - Apr Sun>=1 3:00u 0 -
  49. Rule ChileAQ 2011 only - May Sun>=2 3:00u 0 -
  50. Rule ChileAQ 2011 only - Aug Sun>=16 4:00u 1:00 S
  51. Rule ChileAQ 2012 only - Apr Sun>=23 3:00u 0 -
  52. Rule ChileAQ 2012 only - Sep Sun>=2 4:00u 1:00 S
  53. Rule ChileAQ 2013 max - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
  54. Rule ChileAQ 2013 max - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S
  55. # These rules are stolen from the `australasia' file.
  56. Rule AusAQ 1917 only - Jan 1 0:01 1:00 -
  57. Rule AusAQ 1917 only - Mar 25 2:00 0 -
  58. Rule AusAQ 1942 only - Jan 1 2:00 1:00 -
  59. Rule AusAQ 1942 only - Mar 29 2:00 0 -
  60. Rule AusAQ 1942 only - Sep 27 2:00 1:00 -
  61. Rule AusAQ 1943 1944 - Mar lastSun 2:00 0 -
  62. Rule AusAQ 1943 only - Oct 3 2:00 1:00 -
  63. Rule ATAQ 1967 only - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 -
  64. Rule ATAQ 1968 only - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 -
  65. Rule ATAQ 1968 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
  66. Rule ATAQ 1969 1971 - Mar Sun>=8 2:00s 0 -
  67. Rule ATAQ 1972 only - Feb lastSun 2:00s 0 -
  68. Rule ATAQ 1973 1981 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
  69. Rule ATAQ 1982 1983 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 -
  70. Rule ATAQ 1984 1986 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
  71. Rule ATAQ 1986 only - Oct Sun>=15 2:00s 1:00 -
  72. Rule ATAQ 1987 1990 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 -
  73. Rule ATAQ 1987 only - Oct Sun>=22 2:00s 1:00 -
  74. Rule ATAQ 1988 1990 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
  75. Rule ATAQ 1991 1999 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 -
  76. Rule ATAQ 1991 2005 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 -
  77. Rule ATAQ 2000 only - Aug lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
  78. Rule ATAQ 2001 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 -
  79. Rule ATAQ 2006 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
  80. Rule ATAQ 2007 only - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 -
  81. Rule ATAQ 2008 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
  82. # Argentina - year-round bases
  83. # Belgrano II, Confin Coast, -770227-0343737, since 1972-02-05
  84. # Esperanza, San Martin Land, -6323-05659, since 1952-12-17
  85. # Jubany, Potter Peninsula, King George Island, -6414-0602320, since 1982-01
  86. # Marambio, Seymour I, -6414-05637, since 1969-10-29
  87. # Orcadas, Laurie I, -6016-04444, since 1904-02-22
  88. # San Martin, Debenham I, -6807-06708, since 1951-03-21
  89. # (except 1960-03 / 1976-03-21)
  90. # Australia - territories
  91. # Heard Island, McDonald Islands (uninhabited)
  92. # previously sealers and scientific personnel wintered
  93. # <a href="http://web.archive.org/web/20021204222245/http://www.dstc.qut.edu.au/DST/marg/daylight.html">
  94. # Margaret Turner reports
  95. # </a> (1999-09-30) that they're UTC+5, with no DST;
  96. # presumably this is when they have visitors.
  97. #
  98. # year-round bases
  99. # Casey, Bailey Peninsula, -6617+11032, since 1969
  100. # Davis, Vestfold Hills, -6835+07759, since 1957-01-13
  101. # (except 1964-11 - 1969-02)
  102. # Mawson, Holme Bay, -6736+06253, since 1954-02-13
  103. # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-11):
  104. # Three Australian stations in Antarctica have changed their time zone:
  105. # Casey moved from UTC+8 to UTC+11
  106. # Davis moved from UTC+7 to UTC+5
  107. # Mawson moved from UTC+6 to UTC+5
  108. # The changes occurred on 2009-10-18 at 02:00 (local times).
  109. #
  110. # Government source: (Australian Antarctic Division)
  111. # <a href="http://www.aad.gov.au/default.asp?casid=37079">
  112. # http://www.aad.gov.au/default.asp?casid=37079
  113. # </a>
  114. #
  115. # We have more background information here:
  116. # <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/antarctica-new-times.html">
  117. # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/antarctica-new-times.html
  118. # </a>
  119. # From Steffen Thorsen (2010-03-10):
  120. # We got these changes from the Australian Antarctic Division:
  121. # - Macquarie Island will stay on UTC+11 for winter and therefore not
  122. # switch back from daylight savings time when other parts of Australia do
  123. # on 4 April.
  124. #
  125. # - Casey station reverted to its normal time of UTC+8 on 5 March 2010.
  126. # The change to UTC+11 is being considered as a regular summer thing but
  127. # has not been decided yet.
  128. #
  129. # - Davis station will revert to its normal time of UTC+7 at 10 March 2010
  130. # 20:00 UTC.
  131. #
  132. # - Mawson station stays on UTC+5.
  133. #
  134. # In addition to the Rule changes for Casey/Davis, it means that Macquarie
  135. # will no longer be like Hobart and will have to have its own Zone created.
  136. #
  137. # Background:
  138. # <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/antartica-time-changes-2010.html">
  139. # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/antartica-time-changes-2010.html
  140. # </a>
  141. # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
  142. Zone Antarctica/Casey 0 - zzz 1969
  143. 8:00 - WST 2009 Oct 18 2:00
  144. # Western (Aus) Standard Time
  145. 11:00 - CAST 2010 Mar 5 2:00
  146. # Casey Time
  147. 8:00 - WST 2011 Oct 28 2:00
  148. 11:00 - CAST 2012 Feb 21 17:00u
  149. 8:00 - WST
  150. Zone Antarctica/Davis 0 - zzz 1957 Jan 13
  151. 7:00 - DAVT 1964 Nov # Davis Time
  152. 0 - zzz 1969 Feb
  153. 7:00 - DAVT 2009 Oct 18 2:00
  154. 5:00 - DAVT 2010 Mar 10 20:00u
  155. 7:00 - DAVT 2011 Oct 28 2:00
  156. 5:00 - DAVT 2012 Feb 21 20:00u
  157. 7:00 - DAVT
  158. Zone Antarctica/Mawson 0 - zzz 1954 Feb 13
  159. 6:00 - MAWT 2009 Oct 18 2:00
  160. # Mawson Time
  161. 5:00 - MAWT
  162. Zone Antarctica/Macquarie 0 - zzz 1911
  163. 10:00 - EST 1916 Oct 1 2:00
  164. 10:00 1:00 EST 1917 Feb
  165. 10:00 AusAQ EST 1967
  166. 10:00 ATAQ EST 2010 Apr 4 3:00
  167. 11:00 - MIST # Macquarie Island Time
  168. # References:
  169. # <a href="http://www.antdiv.gov.au/aad/exop/sfo/casey/casey_aws.html">
  170. # Casey Weather (1998-02-26)
  171. # </a>
  172. # <a href="http://www.antdiv.gov.au/aad/exop/sfo/davis/video.html">
  173. # Davis Station, Antarctica (1998-02-26)
  174. # </a>
  175. # <a href="http://www.antdiv.gov.au/aad/exop/sfo/mawson/video.html">
  176. # Mawson Station, Antarctica (1998-02-25)
  177. # </a>
  178. # Brazil - year-round base
  179. # Comandante Ferraz, King George Island, -6205+05824, since 1983/4
  180. # Chile - year-round bases and towns
  181. # Escudero, South Shetland Is, -621157-0585735, since 1994
  182. # Presidente Eduadro Frei, King George Island, -6214-05848, since 1969-03-07
  183. # General Bernardo O'Higgins, Antarctic Peninsula, -6319-05704, since 1948-02
  184. # Capitan Arturo Prat, -6230-05941
  185. # Villa Las Estrellas (a town), around the Frei base, since 1984-04-09
  186. # These locations have always used Santiago time; use TZ='America/Santiago'.
  187. # China - year-round bases
  188. # Great Wall, King George Island, -6213-05858, since 1985-02-20
  189. # Zhongshan, Larsemann Hills, Prydz Bay, -6922+07623, since 1989-02-26
  190. # France - year-round bases
  191. #
  192. # From Antoine Leca (1997-01-20):
  193. # Time data are from Nicole Pailleau at the IFRTP
  194. # (French Institute for Polar Research and Technology).
  195. # She confirms that French Southern Territories and Terre Adelie bases
  196. # don't observe daylight saving time, even if Terre Adelie supplies came
  197. # from Tasmania.
  198. #
  199. # French Southern Territories with year-round inhabitants
  200. #
  201. # Martin-de-Vivies Base, Amsterdam Island, -374105+0773155, since 1950
  202. # Alfred-Faure Base, Crozet Islands, -462551+0515152, since 1964
  203. # Port-aux-Francais, Kerguelen Islands, -492110+0701303, since 1951;
  204. # whaling & sealing station operated 1908/1914, 1920/1929, and 1951/1956
  205. #
  206. # St Paul Island - near Amsterdam, uninhabited
  207. # fishing stations operated variously 1819/1931
  208. #
  209. # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
  210. Zone Indian/Kerguelen 0 - zzz 1950 # Port-aux-Francais
  211. 5:00 - TFT # ISO code TF Time
  212. #
  213. # year-round base in the main continent
  214. # Dumont-d'Urville, Ile des Petrels, -6640+14001, since 1956-11
  215. #
  216. # Another base at Port-Martin, 50km east, began operation in 1947.
  217. # It was destroyed by fire on 1952-01-14.
  218. #
  219. # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
  220. Zone Antarctica/DumontDUrville 0 - zzz 1947
  221. 10:00 - PMT 1952 Jan 14 # Port-Martin Time
  222. 0 - zzz 1956 Nov
  223. 10:00 - DDUT # Dumont-d'Urville Time
  224. # Reference:
  225. # <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dumont_d'Urville_Station">
  226. # Dumont d'Urville Station (2005-12-05)
  227. # </a>
  228. # Germany - year-round base
  229. # Georg von Neumayer, -7039-00815
  230. # India - year-round base
  231. # Dakshin Gangotri, -7005+01200
  232. # Japan - year-round bases
  233. # Dome Fuji, -7719+03942
  234. # Syowa, -690022+0393524
  235. #
  236. # From Hideyuki Suzuki (1999-02-06):
  237. # In all Japanese stations, +0300 is used as the standard time.
  238. #
  239. # Syowa station, which is the first antarctic station of Japan,
  240. # was established on 1957-01-29. Since Syowa station is still the main
  241. # station of Japan, it's appropriate for the principal location.
  242. # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
  243. Zone Antarctica/Syowa 0 - zzz 1957 Jan 29
  244. 3:00 - SYOT # Syowa Time
  245. # See:
  246. # <a href="http://www.nipr.ac.jp/english/ara01.html">
  247. # NIPR Antarctic Research Activities (1999-08-17)
  248. # </a>
  249. # S Korea - year-round base
  250. # King Sejong, King George Island, -6213-05847, since 1988
  251. # New Zealand - claims
  252. # Balleny Islands (never inhabited)
  253. # Scott Island (never inhabited)
  254. #
  255. # year-round base
  256. # Scott, Ross Island, since 1957-01, is like Antarctica/McMurdo.
  257. #
  258. # These rules for New Zealand are stolen from the `australasia' file.
  259. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
  260. Rule NZAQ 1974 only - Nov 3 2:00s 1:00 D
  261. Rule NZAQ 1975 1988 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D
  262. Rule NZAQ 1989 only - Oct 8 2:00s 1:00 D
  263. Rule NZAQ 1990 2006 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D
  264. Rule NZAQ 1975 only - Feb 23 2:00s 0 S
  265. Rule NZAQ 1976 1989 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S
  266. Rule NZAQ 1990 2007 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 S
  267. Rule NZAQ 2007 max - Sep lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D
  268. Rule NZAQ 2008 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S
  269. # Norway - territories
  270. # Bouvet (never inhabited)
  271. #
  272. # claims
  273. # Peter I Island (never inhabited)
  274. # Poland - year-round base
  275. # Arctowski, King George Island, -620945-0582745, since 1977
  276. # Russia - year-round bases
  277. # Bellingshausen, King George Island, -621159-0585337, since 1968-02-22
  278. # Mirny, Davis coast, -6633+09301, since 1956-02
  279. # Molodezhnaya, Alasheyev Bay, -6740+04551,
  280. # year-round from 1962-02 to 1999-07-01
  281. # Novolazarevskaya, Queen Maud Land, -7046+01150,
  282. # year-round from 1960/61 to 1992
  283. # Vostok, since 1957-12-16, temporarily closed 1994-02/1994-11
  284. # <a href="http://quest.arc.nasa.gov/antarctica/QA/computers/Directions,Time,ZIP">
  285. # From Craig Mundell (1994-12-15)</a>:
  286. # Vostok, which is one of the Russian stations, is set on the same
  287. # time as Moscow, Russia.
  288. #
  289. # From Lee Hotz (2001-03-08):
  290. # I queried the folks at Columbia who spent the summer at Vostok and this is
  291. # what they had to say about time there:
  292. # ``in the US Camp (East Camp) we have been on New Zealand (McMurdo)
  293. # time, which is 12 hours ahead of GMT. The Russian Station Vostok was
  294. # 6 hours behind that (although only 2 miles away, i.e. 6 hours ahead
  295. # of GMT). This is a time zone I think two hours east of Moscow. The
  296. # natural time zone is in between the two: 8 hours ahead of GMT.''
  297. #
  298. # From Paul Eggert (2001-05-04):
  299. # This seems to be hopelessly confusing, so I asked Lee Hotz about it
  300. # in person. He said that some Antartic locations set their local
  301. # time so that noon is the warmest part of the day, and that this
  302. # changes during the year and does not necessarily correspond to mean
  303. # solar noon. So the Vostok time might have been whatever the clocks
  304. # happened to be during their visit. So we still don't really know what time
  305. # it is at Vostok. But we'll guess UTC+6.
  306. #
  307. Zone Antarctica/Vostok 0 - zzz 1957 Dec 16
  308. 6:00 - VOST # Vostok time
  309. # S Africa - year-round bases
  310. # Marion Island, -4653+03752
  311. # Sanae, -7141-00250
  312. # UK
  313. #
  314. # British Antarctic Territories (BAT) claims
  315. # South Orkney Islands
  316. # scientific station from 1903
  317. # whaling station at Signy I 1920/1926
  318. # South Shetland Islands
  319. #
  320. # year-round bases
  321. # Bird Island, South Georgia, -5400-03803, since 1983
  322. # Deception Island, -6259-06034, whaling station 1912/1931,
  323. # scientific station 1943/1967,
  324. # previously sealers and a scientific expedition wintered by accident,
  325. # and a garrison was deployed briefly
  326. # Halley, Coates Land, -7535-02604, since 1956-01-06
  327. # Halley is on a moving ice shelf and is periodically relocated
  328. # so that it is never more than 10km from its nominal location.
  329. # Rothera, Adelaide Island, -6734-6808, since 1976-12-01
  330. #
  331. # From Paul Eggert (2002-10-22)
  332. # <http://webexhibits.org/daylightsaving/g.html> says Rothera is -03 all year.
  333. #
  334. # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
  335. Zone Antarctica/Rothera 0 - zzz 1976 Dec 1
  336. -3:00 - ROTT # Rothera time
  337. # Uruguay - year round base
  338. # Artigas, King George Island, -621104-0585107
  339. # USA - year-round bases
  340. #
  341. # Palmer, Anvers Island, since 1965 (moved 2 miles in 1968)
  342. #
  343. # From Ethan Dicks (1996-10-06):
  344. # It keeps the same time as Punta Arenas, Chile, because, just like us
  345. # and the South Pole, that's the other end of their supply line....
  346. # I verified with someone who was there that since 1980,
  347. # Palmer has followed Chile. Prior to that, before the Falklands War,
  348. # Palmer used to be supplied from Argentina.
  349. #
  350. # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
  351. Zone Antarctica/Palmer 0 - zzz 1965
  352. -4:00 ArgAQ AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
  353. -3:00 ArgAQ AR%sT 1982 May
  354. -4:00 ChileAQ CL%sT
  355. #
  356. #
  357. # McMurdo, Ross Island, since 1955-12
  358. # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
  359. Zone Antarctica/McMurdo 0 - zzz 1956
  360. 12:00 NZAQ NZ%sT
  361. #
  362. # Amundsen-Scott, South Pole, continuously occupied since 1956-11-20
  363. #
  364. # From Paul Eggert (1996-09-03):
  365. # Normally it wouldn't have a separate entry, since it's like the
  366. # larger Antarctica/McMurdo since 1970, but it's too famous to omit.
  367. #
  368. # From Chris Carrier (1996-06-27):
  369. # Siple, the first commander of the South Pole station,
  370. # stated that he would have liked to have kept GMT at the station,
  371. # but that he found it more convenient to keep GMT+12
  372. # as supplies for the station were coming from McMurdo Sound,
  373. # which was on GMT+12 because New Zealand was on GMT+12 all year
  374. # at that time (1957). (Source: Siple's book 90 degrees SOUTH.)
  375. #
  376. # From Susan Smith
  377. # http://www.cybertours.com/whs/pole10.html
  378. # (1995-11-13 16:24:56 +1300, no longer available):
  379. # We use the same time as McMurdo does.
  380. # And they use the same time as Christchurch, NZ does....
  381. # One last quirk about South Pole time.
  382. # All the electric clocks are usually wrong.
  383. # Something about the generators running at 60.1hertz or something
  384. # makes all of the clocks run fast. So every couple of days,
  385. # we have to go around and set them back 5 minutes or so.
  386. # Maybe if we let them run fast all of the time, we'd get to leave here sooner!!
  387. #
  388. Link Antarctica/McMurdo Antarctica/South_Pole