// The MIT License (MIT)
//
// Copyright (c) Itay Grudev 2015 - 2020
//
// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
// of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
// in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
// to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
// copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
// furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
//
// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
// all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
//
// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
// AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
// OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
// THE SOFTWARE.

//
//  W A R N I N G !!!
//  -----------------
//
// This file is not part of the SingleApplication API. It is used purely as an
// implementation detail. This header file may change from version to
// version without notice, or may even be removed.
//

#include <cstddef>
#include <cstdlib>

#include <QtCore/QByteArray>
#include <QtCore/QCryptographicHash>
#include <QtCore/QDataStream>
#include <QtCore/QDir>
#include <QtCore/QElapsedTimer>
#include <QtCore/QThread>
#include <QtNetwork/QLocalServer>
#include <QtNetwork/QLocalSocket>

#if QT_VERSION >= QT_VERSION_CHECK(5, 10, 0)
#include <QtCore/QRandomGenerator>
#else
#include <QtCore/QDateTime>
#endif

#include "singleapplication.h"
#include "singleapplication_p.h"

#ifdef Q_OS_UNIX
#include <pwd.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#endif

#ifdef Q_OS_WIN
#include <lmcons.h>
#include <windows.h>
#endif

SingleApplicationPrivate::SingleApplicationPrivate(SingleApplication* q_ptr)
  : q_ptr(q_ptr)
{
    server = nullptr;
    socket = nullptr;
    memory = nullptr;
    instanceNumber = -1;
}

SingleApplicationPrivate::~SingleApplicationPrivate()
{
    if (socket != nullptr) {
        socket->close();
        delete socket;
    }

    if (memory != nullptr) {
        memory->lock();
        auto* inst = static_cast<InstancesInfo*>(memory->data());
        if (server != nullptr) {
            server->close();
            delete server;
            inst->primary = false;
            inst->primaryPid = -1;
            inst->primaryUser[0] = '\0';
            inst->checksum = blockChecksum();
        }
        memory->unlock();

        delete memory;
    }
}

QString SingleApplicationPrivate::getUsername()
{
#ifdef Q_OS_WIN
    wchar_t username[UNLEN + 1];
    // Specifies size of the buffer on input
    DWORD usernameLength = UNLEN + 1;
    if (GetUserNameW(username, &usernameLength))
        return QString::fromWCharArray(username);
#if QT_VERSION < QT_VERSION_CHECK(5, 10, 0)
    return QString::fromLocal8Bit(qgetenv("USERNAME"));
#else
    return qEnvironmentVariable("USERNAME");
#endif
#endif
#ifdef Q_OS_UNIX
    QString username;
    uid_t uid = geteuid();
    struct passwd* pw = getpwuid(uid);
    if (pw)
        username = QString::fromLocal8Bit(pw->pw_name);
    if (username.isEmpty()) {
#if QT_VERSION < QT_VERSION_CHECK(5, 10, 0)
        username = QString::fromLocal8Bit(qgetenv("USER"));
#else
        username = qEnvironmentVariable("USER");
#endif
    }
    return username;
#endif
}

void SingleApplicationPrivate::genBlockServerName()
{
    QCryptographicHash appData(QCryptographicHash::Sha256);
    appData.addData("SingleApplication", 17);
    appData.addData(SingleApplication::app_t::applicationName().toUtf8());
    appData.addData(SingleApplication::app_t::organizationName().toUtf8());
    appData.addData(SingleApplication::app_t::organizationDomain().toUtf8());

    if (!(options & SingleApplication::Mode::ExcludeAppVersion)) {
        appData.addData(
          SingleApplication::app_t::applicationVersion().toUtf8());
    }

    if (!(options & SingleApplication::Mode::ExcludeAppPath)) {
#ifdef Q_OS_WIN
        appData.addData(
          SingleApplication::app_t::applicationFilePath().toLower().toUtf8());
#else
        appData.addData(
          SingleApplication::app_t::applicationFilePath().toUtf8());
#endif
    }

    // User level block requires a user specific data in the hash
    if (options & SingleApplication::Mode::User) {
        appData.addData(getUsername().toUtf8());
    }

    // Replace the backslash in RFC 2045 Base64 [a-zA-Z0-9+/=] to comply with
    // server naming requirements.
    blockServerName = appData.result().toBase64().replace("/", "_");
}

void SingleApplicationPrivate::initializeMemoryBlock()
{
    auto* inst = static_cast<InstancesInfo*>(memory->data());
    inst->primary = false;
    inst->secondary = 0;
    inst->primaryPid = -1;
    inst->primaryUser[0] = '\0';
    inst->checksum = blockChecksum();
}

void SingleApplicationPrivate::startPrimary()
{
    Q_Q(SingleApplication);

    // Reset the number of connections
    auto* inst = static_cast<InstancesInfo*>(memory->data());

    inst->primary = true;
    inst->primaryPid = q->applicationPid();
    qstrncpy(inst->primaryUser,
             getUsername().toUtf8().data(),
             sizeof(inst->primaryUser));
    inst->checksum = blockChecksum();
    instanceNumber = 0;
    // Successful creation means that no main process exists
    // So we start a QLocalServer to listen for connections
    QLocalServer::removeServer(blockServerName);
    server = new QLocalServer();

    // Restrict access to the socket according to the
    // SingleApplication::Mode::User flag on User level or no restrictions
    if (options & SingleApplication::Mode::User) {
        server->setSocketOptions(QLocalServer::UserAccessOption);
    } else {
        server->setSocketOptions(QLocalServer::WorldAccessOption);
    }

    server->listen(blockServerName);
    QObject::connect(server,
                     &QLocalServer::newConnection,
                     this,
                     &SingleApplicationPrivate::slotConnectionEstablished);
}

void SingleApplicationPrivate::startSecondary()
{
    auto* inst = static_cast<InstancesInfo*>(memory->data());

    inst->secondary += 1;
    inst->checksum = blockChecksum();
    instanceNumber = inst->secondary;
}

bool SingleApplicationPrivate::connectToPrimary(int timeout,
                                                ConnectionType connectionType)
{
    QElapsedTimer time;
    time.start();

    // Connect to the Local Server of the Primary Instance if not already
    // connected.
    if (socket == nullptr) {
        socket = new QLocalSocket();
    }

    if (socket->state() == QLocalSocket::ConnectedState)
        return true;

    if (socket->state() != QLocalSocket::ConnectedState) {

        while (true) {
            randomSleep();

            if (socket->state() != QLocalSocket::ConnectingState)
                socket->connectToServer(blockServerName);

            if (socket->state() == QLocalSocket::ConnectingState) {
                socket->waitForConnected(timeout - time.elapsed());
            }

            // If connected break out of the loop
            if (socket->state() == QLocalSocket::ConnectedState)
                break;

            // If elapsed time since start is longer than the method timeout
            // return
            if (time.elapsed() >= timeout)
                return false;
        }
    }

    // Initialisation message according to the SingleApplication protocol
    QByteArray initMsg;
    QDataStream writeStream(&initMsg, QIODevice::WriteOnly);

#if (QT_VERSION >= QT_VERSION_CHECK(5, 6, 0))
    writeStream.setVersion(QDataStream::Qt_5_6);
#endif

    writeStream << blockServerName.toLatin1();
    writeStream << static_cast<quint8>(connectionType);
    writeStream << instanceNumber;
    quint16 checksum =
      qChecksum(initMsg.constData(), static_cast<quint32>(initMsg.length()));
    writeStream << checksum;

    // The header indicates the message length that follows
    QByteArray header;
    QDataStream headerStream(&header, QIODevice::WriteOnly);

#if (QT_VERSION >= QT_VERSION_CHECK(5, 6, 0))
    headerStream.setVersion(QDataStream::Qt_5_6);
#endif
    headerStream << static_cast<quint64>(initMsg.length());

    socket->write(header);
    socket->write(initMsg);
    socket->flush();
    if (socket->waitForBytesWritten(timeout - time.elapsed()))
        return true;

    return false;
}

quint16 SingleApplicationPrivate::blockChecksum()
{
    return qChecksum(static_cast<const char*>(memory->data()),
                     offsetof(InstancesInfo, checksum));
}

qint64 SingleApplicationPrivate::primaryPid()
{
    qint64 pid;

    memory->lock();
    auto* inst = static_cast<InstancesInfo*>(memory->data());
    pid = inst->primaryPid;
    memory->unlock();

    return pid;
}

QString SingleApplicationPrivate::primaryUser()
{
    QByteArray username;

    memory->lock();
    auto* inst = static_cast<InstancesInfo*>(memory->data());
    username = inst->primaryUser;
    memory->unlock();

    return QString::fromUtf8(username);
}

/**
 * @brief Executed when a connection has been made to the LocalServer
 */
void SingleApplicationPrivate::slotConnectionEstablished()
{
    QLocalSocket* nextConnSocket = server->nextPendingConnection();
    connectionMap.insert(nextConnSocket, ConnectionInfo());

    QObject::connect(
      nextConnSocket, &QLocalSocket::aboutToClose, [nextConnSocket, this]() {
          auto& info = connectionMap[nextConnSocket];
          Q_EMIT this->slotClientConnectionClosed(nextConnSocket,
                                                  info.instanceId);
      });

    QObject::connect(
      nextConnSocket, &QLocalSocket::disconnected, [nextConnSocket, this]() {
          connectionMap.remove(nextConnSocket);
          nextConnSocket->deleteLater();
      });

    QObject::connect(
      nextConnSocket, &QLocalSocket::readyRead, [nextConnSocket, this]() {
          auto& info = connectionMap[nextConnSocket];
          switch (info.stage) {
              case StageHeader:
                  readInitMessageHeader(nextConnSocket);
                  break;
              case StageBody:
                  readInitMessageBody(nextConnSocket);
                  break;
              case StageConnected:
                  Q_EMIT this->slotDataAvailable(nextConnSocket,
                                                 info.instanceId);
                  break;
              default:
                  break;
          };
      });
}

void SingleApplicationPrivate::readInitMessageHeader(QLocalSocket* sock)
{
    if (!connectionMap.contains(sock)) {
        return;
    }

    if (sock->bytesAvailable() < (qint64)sizeof(quint64)) {
        return;
    }

    QDataStream headerStream(sock);

#if (QT_VERSION >= QT_VERSION_CHECK(5, 6, 0))
    headerStream.setVersion(QDataStream::Qt_5_6);
#endif

    // Read the header to know the message length
    quint64 msgLen = 0;
    headerStream >> msgLen;
    ConnectionInfo& info = connectionMap[sock];
    info.stage = StageBody;
    info.msgLen = msgLen;

    if (sock->bytesAvailable() >= (qint64)msgLen) {
        readInitMessageBody(sock);
    }
}

void SingleApplicationPrivate::readInitMessageBody(QLocalSocket* sock)
{
    Q_Q(SingleApplication);

    if (!connectionMap.contains(sock)) {
        return;
    }

    ConnectionInfo& info = connectionMap[sock];
    if (sock->bytesAvailable() < (qint64)info.msgLen) {
        return;
    }

    // Read the message body
    QByteArray msgBytes = sock->read(info.msgLen);
    QDataStream readStream(msgBytes);

#if (QT_VERSION >= QT_VERSION_CHECK(5, 6, 0))
    readStream.setVersion(QDataStream::Qt_5_6);
#endif

    // server name
    QByteArray latin1Name;
    readStream >> latin1Name;

    // connection type
    ConnectionType connectionType = InvalidConnection;
    quint8 connTypeVal = InvalidConnection;
    readStream >> connTypeVal;
    connectionType = static_cast<ConnectionType>(connTypeVal);

    // instance id
    quint32 instanceId = 0;
    readStream >> instanceId;

    // checksum
    quint16 msgChecksum = 0;
    readStream >> msgChecksum;

    const quint16 actualChecksum =
      qChecksum(msgBytes.constData(),
                static_cast<quint32>(msgBytes.length() - sizeof(quint16)));

    bool isValid = readStream.status() == QDataStream::Ok &&
                   QLatin1String(latin1Name) == blockServerName &&
                   msgChecksum == actualChecksum;

    if (!isValid) {
        sock->close();
        return;
    }

    info.instanceId = instanceId;
    info.stage = StageConnected;

    if (connectionType == NewInstance ||
        (connectionType == SecondaryInstance &&
         options & SingleApplication::Mode::SecondaryNotification)) {
        Q_EMIT q->instanceStarted();
    }

    if (sock->bytesAvailable() > 0) {
        Q_EMIT this->slotDataAvailable(sock, instanceId);
    }
}

void SingleApplicationPrivate::slotDataAvailable(QLocalSocket* dataSocket,
                                                 quint32 instanceId)
{
    Q_Q(SingleApplication);
    Q_EMIT q->receivedMessage(instanceId, dataSocket->readAll());
}

void SingleApplicationPrivate::slotClientConnectionClosed(
  QLocalSocket* closedSocket,
  quint32 instanceId)
{
    if (closedSocket->bytesAvailable() > 0)
        Q_EMIT slotDataAvailable(closedSocket, instanceId);
}

void SingleApplicationPrivate::randomSleep()
{
#if QT_VERSION >= QT_VERSION_CHECK(5, 10, 0)
    QThread::msleep(QRandomGenerator::global()->bounded(8u, 18u));
#else
    qsrand(QDateTime::currentMSecsSinceEpoch() %
           std::numeric_limits<uint>::max());
    QThread::msleep(8 + static_cast<unsigned long>(static_cast<float>(qrand()) /
                                                   RAND_MAX * 10));
#endif
}